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LITERATURE REVIEW Provides:

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LITERATURE REVIEW Provides: Essential information to the reader Current state of knowledge in the field Reviews important previous studies Justification for ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: LITERATURE REVIEW Provides:


1
LITERATURE REVIEWProvides
  • Essential information to the reader
  • Current state of knowledge in the field
  • Reviews important previous studies
  • Justification for hypothesis or research question
  • Demonstrates authors knowledge of the topic
  • Essential known facts and data

2
Value to the Author
  • Authority on the Subject
  • Exposes you to Questions, Debates, Theories of
    Topic
  • Knowledge of Procedures and Experimental Methods
  • Familiarizes you with Big Names in the Field
  • Lets you know where the Important Research is
    being conducted

3
When do Researchers do the Literature Review?
  • ALWAYS!!!
  • Scientists CONTINUALLY read literature in their
    area of interest
  • You must do the same!
  • Today until Final Magnet Presentation - keep up
    with current literature in your field of interest
  • Nothing makes you look more scholarly than to be
    able to say, Yesterday, I was reading that

4
Types of Literature
  • Primary Literature - 1º
  • Original Research - published for the first time
  • Found in Journals
  • Refereed or Peer-Reviewed - anonymous experts
    in field review articles to decide if they are
    worthy of publication
  • Peer Review - assures Journal Articles are high
    quality.
  • BEST, most reliable source of information!

5
Types of Literature
  • Secondary Literature 2º
  • Textbooks and Review Articles
  • Draw Information from 1º Literature.
  • Typically excellent sources of information
  • Not necessarily Peer-reviewed
  • Contain less detail about Methods
  • Provide good Overviews of Topics
  • More understandable format than most 1º literature

6
Types of Literature
  • Tertiary Literature 3º
  • Reference Materials
  • Derived from 1º and 2º Literature
  • Usually quite reliable
  • Information usually too general to be of value to
    academic researchers

7
What Should You Read?
  • 1. Secondary Literature
  • Example - Textbooks and Review Articles
  • Give ideas for Projects
  • Give Background to understand the Primary
    Literature
  • 2. Primary Literature
  • Gain Scholarly Knowledge of Field of Interest
  • Learn Research Methods
  • 3. Tertiary Literature
  • Read throughout to help understand difficult
    material

8
Examples of 1º Literature
  • Science
  • Nature
  • Journal of the American Medical Association
  • Ecology
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Science

9
Examples of 2º Literature
  • Science
  • Scientific American
  • Textbooks - particularly college texts
  • Use your AP Textbooks

10
What About the Internet?The Dark Side!
  • Greatest source of mis-information on the planet
  • Anybody can put anything on Internet
  • Be very skeptical of internet information
  • Use as a Source in papers very sparingly
  • Always check Source of Information
  • Commercial Sources will always be biased
  • Individuals post garbage

11
What About the Internet?The Good Side
  • Greatest source of information on the planet
  • More Journals are posting full text - 1º
    Literature
  • Databases available with mountains of raw data
    waiting to be analyzed
  • Entire genomes of new species are being added
    every day
  • Environmental data from satellites and monitoring
    stations being posted continuously
  • Programs to manipulate data are also available
    online

12
Your Literature Review
  • 10 page minimum
  • At least 5 references from 1º Literature
  • Must include
  • background information
  • reviews of scholarly research that have been
    conducted
  • Your hypothesis, with justification based upon
    what you learned from your literature review
  • How your research will add to knowledge within
    your chosen topic
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