CLOSING THE GAP

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CHAPTER 14

• CLOSING THE GAP

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POVERTY REDUCTION

• In Sept 2000 - U.N. set goal cut in half the
  number of people living on less than 1 a day by
  2015
• One scenario suggests that 11 countries may hit
  this target and...
• 70 will see little improvement, or fall behind

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POVERTY REDUCTION

• Other forecasts suggest that 29 countries will
  hit this target while 50 countries will not
  reduce the gap between the rich and poor
• Both scenarios point to the fact that East-Asia
  will reach poverty goals
• While Sub-Saharan Africa will not

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WHAT MUST BE DONE

• Government policies have not worked
• International institutions and non-governmental
  organisations are beginning believe a a paradigm
  shift is needed
• See Page 328 in text - The World Bank
• What do you think about this???

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Kofi Annan, Secretary General of the U.N.

• We believe poverty to be intolerable in a world
  of plenty. And we are all here because we are
  convinced - indeed we know - that this poverty
  can be ended in our lifetime,
  with our own hands,
  with our own minds

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International Organizations and Poverty Reduction

• The United Nations is the largest
  intergovernmental organization dealing with the
  problems of poverty

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The United Nations

• The U.N. has a pivotal role in reducing poverty.
• Views poverty as a multidimensional problem
• need more than just raising incomes
• must treat problems of INEQUITY that create
  poverty in the first place

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YOU ARE THE UNITED NATIONS

• In groups of 4
• Choose 8 goals that you want 191 nations to
  pledge to meet to improve the quality of life for
  all!!!

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• The United Nations Millennium Declaration,
  adopted by the worlds leaders at the Millennium
  Summit of the United Nations in 200, captured the
  aspirations of the International community for
  the new century. It spoke of a world united by
  common values, and striving with renewed
  determination to achieve peace and decent
  standards of living for every man, woman and
  child.
• http//www.un.org/millenniumgoals/

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• Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• reduce by half the proportion of people living on
  less than a dollar a day
• reduce by half the proportion of people who
  suffer from hunger
• Achieve universal primary education
• ensure that all boys and girls complete a full
  course of primary schooling
• Promote gender equality and empower women
• eliminate gender disparity in primary and
  secondary education by 2005, and at all levels by
  2015.

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• Reduce Child Mortality
• Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among
  children under five.
• Improve maternal health
• Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality
  ration

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• Ensure environmental Sustainability
• Integrate the principles of sustainable
  development into country policies and programmes
  reverse loss of environmental resources
• reduce by half the proportion of people without
  sustainable access to safe drinking water
• achieve significant improvements in lives of at
  lease 100 million slum dwellers by 2020

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• Develop a global partnership for development
• developed further an open trading and financial
  system that is rule-based, predictable and
  non-discriminatory.
• Address the least developed countries special
  needs - tariff and quota-free access to their
  exports.
• Develop decent and productive work for youth
• In co-operation with pharmaceutical companies,
  provide access to affordable essential drugs in
  developing countries.
• In co-operation with the private sector, make
  available the benefits of new technologies.

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HOMEWORK

• READ PAGE 331 - 332
• Identify and discuss the three broad strategies
  to reduce poverty.
• READ PAGE 332 - 336
• Discuss The UN at Work
• Use an Internet Search Engine to research
  Canadas role in NEPAD