Pre-Columbian Civilizations and European Settlement

1
Pre-Columbian Civilizations and European
Settlement

• Unit IA
• AP U.S. History

2
Bering Sea Land Bridge Migration
3
(No Transcript)
4
Native Culture and Lifestyle

• Nomadic OR Sedentary
• Gender Roles
• Women shared in labor except hunting
• Animism

• Eastern Woodlands
• Hunting and Agriculture (fur, corn, beans,
  squash)
• Hopewell
• Iroquois
• Mohawks, Oneidas, Onodagas, Cayugas, Senecas
• Algonquian
• Mississippian
• Hunting and Agriculture
• Great Plains
• Hunting (buffalo)
• Sioux
• Southwest
• Agriculture (corn)
• Anasazi/Pueblo
• Stone and adobe structures
• Pacific Northwest
• Hunting and fishing (salmon)
• Cedar forests
• Totem poles

Cahokia, c. 1100 CE
5
Great Serpent Mount - Ohio
Great Plains native lifestyle
Totem poles Pacific Northwest
Cliff Palace Colorado
Kincaid - Illinois
6
Europe Before Exploration

• Renaissance
• Technological innovations
• Growth of Nation-States
• England, France, Spain, Portugal, Holland
• Protestant Reformation and Religious Wars
• Lutheranism
• Calvinism
• Predestination
• Church of England aka Anglican Church
• Catholic Counter-Reformation

7
European Colonization

• God
• Glory
• Gold
• Spain
• Christopher Columbus (1492)
• France
• Jacques Cartier (1534)
• Dutch
• Henry Hudson (1609)
• England
• Charter Colonies, Proprietary Colonies, Royal
  Colonies

8
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
9
European Colonies
10
Columbian Exchange
11
Natives and Europeans
Analyze the European point of view of Natives.
12
The Spanish in America

• Royal Colonies
• Viceroys
• Relations with Natives
• Catholic Conversion and Missions
• Pueblo Revolt (1680)
• Labor
• Encomienda System
• Asiento System
• Spanish Caste System

13
The Spanish in AmericaThe Vallodilid Controversy
(1550-1551)

• Juan Gines de Sepulveda
• Concerning the Just Cause of the War Against the
  Indians (1547)
• Those whose condition is such that their
  function is the use of their bodies and nothing
  better can be expected of them, those, I say, are
  slaves of nature. It is better for them to be
  ruled thus.
• Bartoleme de las Casas
• The New Laws (1542)
• A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies
  (1552)
• The Indians are our brothers, and Christ has
  given his life for them. Why, then, do we
  persecute them with such inhuman savagery?...
  They will embrace the teaching of the Gospel, as
  well I know, for they are not stupid or barbarous
  but have a native sincerity and are simple,
  moderate, and meek.... Once they have embraced
  it, it is marvelous with what piety, eagerness,
  faith, and charity they obey Christ's precepts
  and venerate the sacraments. For they are docile
  and clever, and in their diligence and gifts of
  nature, they excel most peoples of the known
  world.

14
The French in America

• Royal Colonies
• Jesuits and Catholic Conversion
• Fur Trade
• Coureurs de Bois (runner of the woods)
• Native Relations
• Trade Networks
• Alliances
• Intermarriage

15
The English in America

• Charters and Joint-Stock Companies
• Population Growth
• Indentured Servants
• Native Relations
• Early Native Assistance
• Animosity and Exclusion
• Anglo-Powhatan Wars
• Pequot Wars (1636-1638)
• King Philips War (1675-1678)

16
Smallpox and Natives
c. 1575-1580
17
Smallpox
18
(No Transcript)