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Ancient India

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Ancient India In this lesson, students will identify characteristics of India s geography. Students will be able to define and/or identify the following terms: – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ancient India


1
Ancient India
  • In this lesson, students will identify
    characteristics of Indias geography.
  • Students will be able to define and/or identify
    the following terms
  • Himalaya Mountains
  • Monsoons
  • Indus River
  • Harappa
  • Urban Planning.

2
India is a subcontinent in South Asia.
3
The Indian Subcontinent
  • India is a country in South Asia.
  • India is a subcontinent.
  • A subcontinent is a large land mass that is
    smaller than a continent.
  • A subcontinent is usually split from the rest of
    the continent by a mountain range.

4
The Himalaya Mountains separate India From China.
5
The Himalayas
  • The Himalayas are mountains in northern India.
  • The Himalayas are the highest mountains on the
    surface of the earth.
  • The Himalayas have not completely separated India
    from the rest of Asia because the mountains have
    passes.

6
This is a photograph of the famous Khyber Pass.
This valley allowed travelers to enter India.
7
India also experiences the monsoon. The monsoons
are winds that bring rains.
8
Monsoons
  • Monsoons are winds that bring rains.
  • The Monsoons are vital for farming.
  • Monsoon rains provide water for farming.
  • If the monsoon rains do not arrive, many people
    will die from hunger and starvation.

9
The Indus River is an important river in Indian
history. It was the birthplace of South Asias
earliest civilization.
10
The Indus River
  • The name India is derived from the Indus River.
  • An early civilization developed along the banks
    of the Indus River.
  • Today, the Indus River flows mostly through
    Pakistan. Pakistan was once part of India.

11
The Ganges River is an important river in India.
It is a sacred or holy river for Hindus.
12
The Ganges River
  • The Ganges river is an important river in India.
  • It is considered a sacred or holy river to
    Hindus.
  • Hinduism is a religion of India. Hindus believe
    that the waters from the Ganges will purify the
    souls of those who drink or bathe in the Ganges
    river.

13
Harappan Civilization
  • The early civilization that developed in the
    Indus river valley is frequently referred to as
    Harappan civilization.
  • The name Harappan comes from one of the cities
    in the Indus river valley.
  • Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were two important
    cities of this early river valley civilization.

14
This ruin reveals the careful planning of the
Indus river city of Harappa.
15
The buildings of Mohenjo-Daro were also carefully
planned.
16
Urban Planning
  • Urban planning refers to the careful planning of
    a city.
  • In Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, every brick in every
    city was exactly the same size during a period of
    time.
  • Like modern cities, buildings had to conform to
    government standards.

17
This hole and drain suggest that indoor bathrooms
and toilets may have existed.
18
Harappan civilization had writing.
However, archaeologists are still deciphering it.
19
This map reveals the location of
Harappan civilization.
20
Harappan civilization began around 3000 B.C.
21
The cities were surrounded by walls. Walls were
used to protect the inhabitants of the cities.
22
Harappan civilization declined around 1500 B.C.
It is possible that the monsoon failed or an
earthquake occurred.
23
Questions for Reflection
  • Why did the Himalayas not completely prevent
    cultural diffusion?
  • Why are the monsoons vital for Indians?
  • Where did Indias first civilization develop?
  • List two geographic features of India and state
    an effect for each feature.
  • How did Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro exhibit aspects
    of urban planning?
  • List three accomplishments of Harappan
    civilization.
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