2nd Nine Weeks Review

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2nd Nine Weeks Review

• Government
• And Influences on

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1. Explain the concept of a protective tariff.

• A tax added to a foreign good to encourage people
  to buy American products.

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2. Explain the system of checks and balances
established by the Constitution What is checks
and balances? What is it designed to do? Give
an example.

• When each branch of the government checks to make
  sure the other branches dont abuse their power.
• Example Congress passes a crazy law the
  President vetos it.

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3. Why is freedom of the press so important in a
free society?

• It gives the people knowledge about our
  government. If something is wrong, we can try to
  fix it. Otherwisewe would continue to live in a
  messed up country forever.

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4. How does the U. S. Constitution help maintain
a republican system of government in the U.S.?

• The Republican system is about electing
  REPRESENTATIVES to help govern us. The U.S.

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5. The Founding Fathers of the United States were
models of civic virtue because the

• Men who wrote the constitution spent their time
  working on something that would benefit the
  Greater good not just something to help
  themselves.

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6. King John of England signed the Magna Carta in
1215. What ideas did the Founding Fathers borrow
from this document to include in the Bill of
Rights?

• That all people should have the right to trail by
  jury of their peers instead of having just the
  King decide your fate.

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7. What are the FIVE rights in the First
Amendment? (have these memorized)

• The Freedoms of Speech, Religion, Press,
  Assembly, and Petition

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8. Who was John Peter Zenger?

• A newspaper publisher during the colonial days
  who published TRUE, but damaging things about the
  governor.

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9. What happened to John Peter Zenger?

• He was placed in jail for publishing bad, but
  true, stuff about the governor.

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10. What right appears in the Bill of Rights
because of his experience?

• Freedom of the press! (of course)

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11. The first ten amendments to the U.S.
Constitution were designed to

• Protect our individual rights aka our unalienable
  rights!

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12. Explain the process of how the Constitution
can be amended (changed).

• EITHER, 2/3rds of the Congress OR States propose
  the amendment AND ¾ of the states or Congress
  must approve the amendment.

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13. What powers are included in the judicial
branch? What courts are included in the judicial
branch?

• The judicial branch INTERPRETS the law that
  means they check laws to see if they are
  CONSITUTIONAL and FAIR. The supreme court is in
  the judicial branch.

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14. Explain the problem that resulted in the
Great Compromise. What was it? How was it
solved? No complainin! Just answer the
questions! ?

• The Great Compromise was about how each state
  would be represented in congress (how many votes
  and power each state would get).
• New Jersey (small states) and Virginia (big
  states)
• Created 2 (count em) 2 parts to Congress The
  House of Representatives and the Senate.

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15. Explain the 3/5ths Compromise. What was it?
What was the argument? Who was arguing. How was
it solved?

• Southern states wanted to count slaves in the
  population to get more votes in Congress
  Northern states didntbut wanted to count them
  as property so the South would have to pay taxes
  on them.
• Soonly count 3 of every 5 slaves as people for
  votes in Congress and property for taxes.

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16. Which British law enacted on the American
colonies led to the Third Amendment to the U.S.
Constitution?

• The Quartering Act

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17. What is an amendment?

• What? You dont know? Get Out!
• A change or addition. You know to the
  Constitution like a p.s. in your love letters
  you write in class instead of the notes you
  should be writing so you would know the answer to
  this stupid question! ?

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18. Why did the Framers of the U.S. Constitution
intentionally make the amendment process
difficult?

• So people wouldnt be changing it all the time
  for dubious (ridiculous) reasons. Like an
  amendment to make flag burning illegal or an
  amendment to say that marriage is a union between
  a man and a women.
• what? Did I go to far?

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19. What is the significance of the Mayflower
Compact?

• It was the first time English people in the new
  world (America) created self governmentrules
  without the king telling them what to do.

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• 20. Since the number of representatives states
  sent to Congress was based on each states
  population, smaller states felt they were being
  cheated. To appease the smaller states, the
  Great Compromise provided for ____________________
  ________.

A two part Congress
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21. Shays Rebellion helped lead to the

• Constitutional Convention to fix the cruddy
  government

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22. What is a republican system of government?

• When we VOTE in REPRESENTATIVES to do the job of
  governing for us.
• Cause you know we dont have the time to take off
  work, fly to D.C., study the relevant facts in
  the bill, attend committee meetings, get barfed
  on my some junior member of the Senate and, vote
  and do it all over again tomorrow.

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23. Explain the concept of separation of powers
in the Constitution. What is it? Why is it
important? Give an example of how it works.

• When we split the power of the government into
  three, equal, parts.
• So no one group or person takes all the power for
  themselves and begins to abuse our rights
• Legislative makes laws, Executive enforces laws,
  and Judicial interprets laws

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24. What did the U.S. weaknesses in the Articles
of Confederation and Shays Rebellion lead to?

• The CONSTITUTION!!!!
• We the people ?

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25. Which term best describes the major elements
of the American economy, in which competition,
profit, private property, and economic freedom
are emphasized?

• Free enterprise! (When people can make their own
  decisions about what to produce make or consume
  use without government interference).

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26. What was the purpose of the Northwest
Ordinance?

• To come up with an orderly way to settle the
  Northwest Territory (the land the U.S. got from
  England after winning the Revolution) and
  eventually lead to statehood.

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27. How did the United States solve the problem
of weak central government under the Articles of
Confederation?

• We created a Constitution with a strong national
  government

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28. Explain what is meant by We hold these
truths to be self-evident, that all men are
created equal, that they are endowed by their
creator with certain Unalienable Rights.

• Some things are OBVIOUSlike we are all the same
  and have rights given to us by god.

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29. In what document would you find that quote?

• I would find it in the Declaration of
  Independencewhere would you find it?

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30. Who wrote that document?

• TJ
• Thomas Jefferson

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31. Which of event occurred in 1787?

• In 1787 Im told our Founding Fathers did agree,
  to write a list of principles for keepin people
  free The U.S.A. was just starting out a whole
  brand new countryand so, our people spelled it
  out the things that we should beand they called
  it the
• Constitution sing it!

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32. What type of national government did the
Federalists want?

• A good one?
• A STRONG one with lots of powers and
  responsibilities and stuff.

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33. Explain the Navigation Acts. Why were they
used? CREATE A SIMPLE MAP to show the trade
route under the Navigation Acts.

• The Kings economic policy that allowed the
  colonies to trade ONLY with ENGLAND.
• It kept all the MONEY and PROFIT with the King

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33. Explain the Navigation Acts. Why were they
used? CREATE A SIMPLE MAP to show the trade
route under the Navigation Acts.
Raw materials
Manufactured goods
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34. Describe the land owned by the United States
after the Treaty of Paris (what is the western
border to U.S. land?)

• All the land EAST of the Mississippi River to the
  Atlantic Ocean

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35. Explain the system of federalism under the
Constitution.

• Federalism is when the Federal government
  (Washington D.C.) and the State government
  (Austin, Texas) SHARE the power to govern us.

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36. Who was considered the father of the
Constitution?

• Duh!
• James Madison!
• Also the 4th president of the United States

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37. Protection of the unalienable rights referred
to in the Declaration of Independence is provided
for in the

• Bill of Rights mon!

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38. The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited colonial
settlement west of a border that ran roughly
along the

• Appalachian mountains, mon.

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39. Name four of the roots of representative
government in U.S. history.

• Magna Carta
• English Bill of Rights
• Mayflower Compact
• House of Burgesses
• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

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40. Describe the function of the Northwest
Ordinance.

• A law that would help new U.S. territories to
  become states.
• It leads to statehood.

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41. One of the most important problems facing the
Constitutional Convention of 1787 was how to
balance the

• powers of the federal government with the state
  government

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42. Which First Amendment right protects citizens
who are staging a protest outside a government
building?

• Freedom of ASSEMBLY!!!!

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43. The Federalist Papers, written by John Jay,
Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison in 1787,
supported

• A strong national government in the Constitution.

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44. List the advantages the American colonists
had over the British in the American Revolution.

• Fighting on own land
• Using Indian tactics (guerilla warfare)
• French navy helping.

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45. The tax laws that were imposed on the
colonists by the British government were viewed
as unfair and created support for declaring
independence because

• They were taxed without colonial representation
  in the British parliament.

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46. What power given to the congress in the
Constitution was specifically intended to prevent
the president from acting against the will of the
people?

• The power to write laws (thats what they do,
  right?)

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47. Which principle of government is illustrated
by creating three branches of government in our
Constitution?

• Separation of Powers.

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48. Describe the concept of a confederation.

• A loosely organized group of states that are
  more independent than they are connected to one
  another.

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49. The U.S. Constitution provides that each
state be represented in the House of
Representatives according to the states

• population!, mon.

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50. Which amendment would most likely be used to
argue against police officers randomly searching
homes? (tell the number and briefly describe the
right)

• 4th Amendment Protection from unreasonable
  search and seizure.

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51. Who or what held all the power in the
Articles of Confederation?

• The states.

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52. Who were the Anti-Federalists AND what did
they want?

• They opposed ratifying (approving) the new
  Constitution and wanted to add a Bill of Rights

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53. How does the U.S. Constitution allow the
government to raise money?

• By allowing Congress to directly tax the people.

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54. What were the two positive things that the
Articles of Confederation were able to process?

• They got America through the Revolution AND
• Passed the Northwest Ordinance.

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LAST ONE!!!!!

• 55. After an amendment to the U.S. Constitution
  has been proposed by Congress or a national
  convention, it can be ratified by
  ____________________________. (who?)

The States.