Elements

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Elements Principles of Art

• Miss McDaniel
• 6th Grade Art
• Introduction to Art

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Elements Principles of Art

• There are 14 Elements and Principles of Art which
  are crucial to the making of any artwork. They
  are the basic parts and symbols of all art.
  Artists throughout history have used them just as
  we do when we make art today.

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Elements of Art

• LINE
• SHAPE
• COLOR
• TEXTURE

• VALUE
• SPACE
• FORM

These are topics we have been discussing/using
since the beginning of the year. They need to be
referenced when making an art criticism.
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Explaining Elements of Art
LINE
Line in artwork serves multiple purposes

• Emphasizing Line
• Shows the edges or
• contours of an object,
• also known as a
• contour line.

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Element of Art - LINE
2. De-emphasizing Line Attempts to eliminate or
hide the outline of objects in the picture.
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Element of Art - LINE
3. Axis Line Imaginary Line that is traced
through an object or several objects in a
picture. This line can help to determine movement
and the direction of movement in a work of art.
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Element of Art - LINE
4. Suggesting Movement The way the axis line is
drawn implies various perceptions
a. Vertical (up and down) suggests
strength and stability b. Horizontal (side to
side) suggests calmness c. Diagonal
suggests tension d. Curved
suggests flowing movement
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Element of Art - FORM
FORM
- a three dimensional object

1. Mass the outside size and bulk of a form
2. Volume the interior space of an object

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Element of Art - SPACE
SPACE
- The distance or area between, around, above,
below, or within things. Can be two or three
dimensional.

• Actual Space has three dimensions
• Implied Space
• has two
• dimensions

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Element of Art - SPACE
There are several techniques to create
the illusion of depth or distance on flat
surfaces.

• Overlapping the shapes
• in a work

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Element of Art - SPACE
b. Making distant shapes smaller
and closer shapes
larger
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Element of Art - SPACE
c. Placing distant shapes higher
and closer shapes lower
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Element of Art - SPACE
d. Using less detail on distant
shapes and greater detail on
closer shapes
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Element of Art - SPACE
e. Using duller, less intense
hues for shapes in the distance
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Element of Art - SPACE
f. Coloring distant shapes with hues that
appear more blue to suggest the layers of
atmosphere between the viewer and
those shapes.
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Element of Art - SPACE
g. Slanting horizontal lines at shapes
to make them appear to extend back
into space.
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Principles of Art

• EMPHASIS
• PROPORTION
• RHYTHM
• PATTERN

• UNITY
• VARIETY
• BALANCE

These are concepts that we have been using all
year when creating artwork but have not
formally discussed. Reference these as well when
critiquing art.
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Principles of Art
Emphasis
The importance artists add to certain objects or
areas to attract the viewers attention
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Principles of Art
Rhythm
Uses repeated elements to express a sense of
visual or actual movement
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Principles of Art - Rhythm
2. Regular Rhythm Repeating the same
element
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Principles of Art - Rhythm
2. Alternating Rhythm Two or more
elements repeated on an alternating basis
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Principles of Art - Rhythm
2. Progressive Rhythm A repeated element
changed in progression
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Principles of Art
Pattern
The regular repetition of a line, shape, or color
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Principles of Art
Unity
The sense of belonging together
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Principles of Art
Variety
The combination of elements of art that makes a
composition lively and interesting
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Principles of Art
Balance
There are three types of balance

• Symmetrical Balance
• two halves of the artwork nearly mirror each
  other.

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Principles of Art - Balance
2. Radial Balance Elements spread out from
a center point
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Principles of Art - Balance
3. Assymetrical Balance The application of
equal visual weight