Bones%20Anatomy%20Notes

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Bones Anatomy Notes
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• Diaphysis (shaft)
• Long portion of long bone
• Composed of compact bone
• Epiphysis
• Ends of bone
• Mostly of spongy bone

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• Epiphyseal plate a flat plate of hylaine
  cartilage between epiphysis and diaphysis
• Articular cartilage
• Covers the external surface of the epiphyses
  reduce friction
• Made of hyaline cartilage

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• Periosteum
• Outside covering of
  diaphysis
• Fibrous connective
  tissue membrane
• Sharpeys fibers
• Secure periosteum to underlying bone

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• Medullary cavity
• Cavity of the shaft
• Contains yellow (fat) marrow in adults
• Arteries
• Supply bone cells with nutrients

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• Compact bone
• Outer bone along diaphysis, highly packed with
  bone

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• Spongy bone
• Small needle-like pieces of bone
• Found at ends of bone and inner bone
• Contains red marrow
  hematopoiesis

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Microscopic Anatomy of Bone

• Osteon (Haversian System)
• A unit of bone
• Central (Haversian) canal
• Carries blood vessels and nerves

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• Perforating (Volkmans) canal
• Canal perpendicular to the central canal
• Carries blood vessels and nerves

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• Lacunae
• Cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes)
• Lamellae
• Rings around the central canal
• Sites of lacunae

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• Canaliculi
• Tiny canals radiating from lacunae

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