BR- There were no advanced cities in the Indus valley. Prove me wrong.

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12/8/11

• BR- There were no advanced cities in the Indus
  valley. Prove me wrong.
• Today Writing a Letter about the Indus Valley!

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You Are the Archeologist

• Imagine that you have been studying ancient
  civilizations in the Indus valley. I would like
  you to write a letter back to your famous
  colleague Professor Indiana Jones.

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Details of the Letter

• Dear Indiana,
• The civilizations of the Indus valley are
  ___________. I have learned a great deal about
  them but much remains a mystery
  because_____________.
• We have discovered that civilization began to
  emerge in this area around__________. (include 3
  details.)
• One people we have learned about were the
  Harappans. (Include one detail each about the
  Harappans (1) Language, (2)Culture, (3) Religion,
  (4) Trade.)
• Sadly, much of what happened here may remain lost
  to us. We do know that the people of the Indus
  went into decline and disappeared. (discuss 2
  theories of what happened to the people of the
  Indus valley.)
• Thats all for now! Take care of the crystal
  skulls you found and Ill see you at the next
  museum party!
• Your Friend,

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(No Transcript)
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Monsoon-Seasonal Wind

• Summer monsoon-Wet season
• Monsoon means wind that changes direction with
  season.
• Monsoon is the seasonal weather pattern that
  dominates India. Means season in Arabic.

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OROGRAPHIC CLOUDS, AKA Rain Shadow

• Lifting due to Topography
• produces orographic clouds
• When air is confronted by a mountain, it is
  lifted up and over the mountain, cooling as it
  rises.
• If the air cools to its saturation point, the
  water vapor condenses and a cloud forms.

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Winter Monsoon

• Winter-Dry season

During the winter, the flow of air reverses.
The continent cools rapidly forming a large area
of high pressure over north central Asia. Now the
drier, colder air of the continent blows offshore
creating the dry monsoon season.
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Indus

• The Indus Valley Civilization (3000BC1500 BC)and
  matured around (2600BC1900 BC)
• The mature phase of this civilization is known
  as the Harappan Civilization

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Advanced Cities

• Mohenjo-Daro - one of the administrative centers
  of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization. .
• The planning and engineering showed the
  importance of the city to the people of the Indus
  valley.
• Harrappa
• was built according to plans of well-laid-out
  streets,
• differentiated living quarters
• flat-roofed brick houses, and fortified
  administrative or religious centers.

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Advanced Cities
Continued

• Lothal
• was a trading center with its trade of beads,
  gems and valuable ornaments.
• had the worlds first dock.
• Lothal's people were responsible for the
  earliest-known portrayals of realism in art and
  sculpture.

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Specialized workers

• Bronze workers that worked metals into jewelry,
  weapons or tools
• Bricklayers
• Scribes
• Merchants

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Complex Institutions

• This ancient civilization had a strong central
  government
• The Indus civilization had a polytheistic
  religion.
• Certain animals and human figures were
  worshipped.

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Writing and Record Keeping

• The people of the Indus Valley Civilization
  developed a writing system that we are still
  unable to read .
• Over 2,000 stone seals have been found
• These seals were in quadrangular shapes
• The most common seal found was of an unicorn.
• Those found in Indus Valley were similar to those
  found in Mesopotamia. (Which suggests ..what?)

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• ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
• One of the first early civilizations to have
• - wide streets laid out in a grid pattern
• - plumbing
• - sewer system
• The cities of the Indus Valley were well planned
  and had covered drains.
• Indus houses had protection against noise, odors,
  and thieves.
• Standardized weights and measures