Nutrients::

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Nutrients

• Macronutrient (large)
• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Lipids (Fats)
• Nucleic Acids
• Macronutrients are
• Hydrocarbons (made of
• carbon hydrogen)

• Micronutrients (small)
• Vitamins
• Vit C (healthy teeth ligaments)
• Vit D (healthy bones)
• Vit A (night vision)
• Minerals
• Calcium (healthy bones)
• Iron (prevents anemia)
• Sodium (water regulation heart nerve
  function etc.)

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CARBOHYDRADES (CHO)

• Carbohydrates are made of ? Carbon (C)
• ? Hydrogen (H) ? Oxygen (O)
• Carbohydrates include
• Monosaccharide (ex. Glucose)
• One ________
• Disaccharides (sucrose)
• _____ ________
• Polysaccharides (starch, cellulose )
• _____ ________
• Main Function Rapid energy source, cell markers
  etc

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PROTEIN

• Proteins are made of
• Long chains of amino acids (aa)
• Nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen oxygen
• Main Function
• Structural ?cell membrane (transport)
• ?enzymes (biological catalysts)
• ?hormones (insulin, adrenaline)

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LIPIDS (FATS)

• Lipids are made of
• Fatty acids (fa), glycerol, phosphates
• Lipids include
• Phospholipids Triglycerides (TG) Cholesterol
• Main Function
• Energy storage (TG)
• Structural ?cell membrane (phospholipid)
• ?bile salts (cholesterol)
• ?hormones (cholesterol)

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NUCLEIC ACIDS

• Nucleic acids are made of
• Nucleotides sugars(ribose) phosphate
• Nucleic acids include
• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
• RNA (ribonucleic acid)
• Main Function
• Genes (inheritance)
• Control of all cell function characteristics
• Protein synthesis

6
Enzymes
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Enzymes

• Protein catalyst
• Protein chain of amino acids
• Catalyst speeds up chemical reactions

8
Substrates to Products

• The molecules entering the process are called
  substrates, and the enzyme converts them into
  different molecules, the products.
• Each enzyme works with a very specific substrate.

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Enzymatic Reaction

• Enzyme not altered in the reaction

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Activation energy

• All reactions have an activation energy
• Enzyme lowered energy needed

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Environment

• Enzymes have an optimal temperature and pH level