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Title: 6/8 Focus:


1
  • 6/8 Focus
  • Do Now
  • Complete the Regents Review Warm up Questions

2
Ancient Greece
  • The mountainous topography (terrain) of Greece
    resulted in widely scattered settlements that
    developed into many small independent
    city-states. (The geography of Greece prevented
    the ancient Greek city-states from uniting to
    form a single nation.)

3
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4
Ancient Greece
  • The city-state of Athens practiced direct
    democracy.
  • The city-state of Sparta was very different from
    Athens.
  • Sparta placed more emphasis on military service.
    Boys in Sparta were trained to be soldiers.
  • Spartas government was not democratic. People
    had little voice in government.

5
Ancient Greece
  • SOCRATES, PLATO, and ARISTOTLE were philosophers
    of ancient Greece.
  • The AGE OF PERICLES in Athens was a GOLDEN AGE
    that produced outstanding contributions in the
    arts and sciences.

6
Ancient Greece
  • ALEXANDER THE GREATS conquests caused the
    expansion of HELLENISTIC CULTURE.
  • The blending of GREEK, PERSIAN, EGYPTIAN, and
    INDIAN cultures into Hellenistic culture
    demonstrates cultural diffusion.

7
Ancient Rome
  • The Roman Empire extended over three continents,
    surrounding the MEDITERRANEAN SEA.

8
Ancient Rome
  • The Mediterranean Sea was the center of Roman
    TRADE. The Roman Empire grew wealthy because it
    developed extensive trade networks.

9
Ancient Rome
  • A SYSTEM OF ROADS helped unify the Roman Empire.
  • Note A system of roads helped to unify the INCA
    EMPIRE in the Andes Mountains of South America,
    too.

10
Ancient Rome
  • The Romans developed a form of government known
    as the REPUBLIC
  • Preserved GREEK CULTURE (Greco-Roman Culture)
  • The Fall of the Roman Empire in 476 A.D. led to
    the start of the Middle Ages
  • Note the rise and fall of the Roman Empire is
    often compared with the HAN dynasty in China

11
China
  • The SHANG DYNASTY was China's first dynasty.
    During Shang rule, kings controlled small areas
    while loyal princes and nobles governed most of
    the land.
  • To justify their rebellion against the Shang, the
    Zhou people promoted the idea of the MANDATE OF
    HEAVEN.
  • The MANDATE OF HEAVEN is the Chinese belief in
    the DIVINE RIGHT to rule.
  • This process explaining the rise and fall of
    dynasties is called the DYNASTIC CYCLE

12
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13
China
  • SHI HUANGDI constructed the Great Wall of China.
    Over the centuries, the wall was extended and
    rebuilt several times. Eventually, it snaked for
    thousands of miles across northern China.
  • Shi Huangdi centralized power following the
    principles of Qin LEGALISM.
  • Legalists believed that rulers must achieve order
    by passing STRICT LAWS and imposing HARSH
    PUNISHMENTS.

14
China
  • China grew wealthy because the Han dynasty
    developed extensive trade networks by opening the
    SILK ROAD

15
China
  • Like the Roman Empire, the Han dynasty promoted
    unity and communication by building a STRONG
    SYSTEM OF ROADS.
  • Like the Roman Empire, The Han Empire collapsed
    because of FOREIGN INVASIONS, POLITICAL TURMOIL,
    ECONOMIC PROBLEMS, and a DECLINING MILITARY.

16
India
  • The Mauryan Empire controlled more of the Indian
    subcontinent than the Gupta Empire did.
  • Expansion was limited by GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS (The
    Himalayas, the Hindu Kush Mountains, the Arabian
    Sea, and the Bay of Bengal).

17
India
  • Asoka promoted RELIGIOUS TOLERATION and
    established codified laws with the PILLARS OF
    ASOKA

18
India
  • During the era of the GUPTA EMPIRE, India
    experienced a golden age (a period of prosperity
    and artistic creativity).
  • Art and literature flourished.
  • Indian scholars contributed to mathematics by
    developing the DECIMAL SYSTEM and the CONCEPT OF
    ZERO.

19
India
  • Indian provinces were united after 200 years of
    civil war.
  • Indians used the SANSKRIT LANGUAGE

20
India
  • Like Peter the Great of Russia, Mughal emperor
    AKBAR THE GREAT was an ABSOLUTE RULER who
    modernized and expanded his empire using ideas
    from other cultures.
  • Akbar the Great is similar to Asoka because he
    promoted religious toleration

21
Miscellaneous
  • The architectural achievements of ancient Rome
    (e.g. the Coliseum), ancient Egypt (e.g. the
    Pyramids), and ancient China (e.g. the Great Wall
    of China) indicate that ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
    existed in early civilizations.
  • The PHOENICIANS are often referred to as the
    carriers of civilization because they traded
    goods and spread ideas throughout the
    Mediterranean region.

22
  • 6/9 Focus
  • Do Now
  • Complete the Regents Review Warm up Questions

Castle Learning Regents Review 8 due
Friday
23
Codes of Law
  • Establish legal standards/principles
  • Provide a written set of Laws
  • Create a stable society
  • Examples
  • Code of Hammurabi
  • Justinians Code
  • The Twelve Tables
  • 10 Commandments
  • Pillars of Asoka
  • Napoleonic Code

24
  • One way in which the Code of Hammurabi, the
    Twelve Tables, and Justinian Code are similar is
    that each
  • Legalized monotheistic beliefs
  • Established legal standards
  • Provided records of economic activity
  • Supported republican government

25
Social Systems
  • Tend to be hierarchal
  • Power and wealth near the top
  • Least amount of people
  • People at the bottom have little or no power
  • Most people

26
Hindu Caste System
27
Feudalism-Europe
28
Feudalism-Japan
29
Spanish Colonial Class System
30
Belief Systems
  • The belief in many gods is known as
  • Polytheism
  • The belief in one god is known as
  • Monotheism

31
Belief Systems
Belief that in nature spirits exist in all things
Animism
Shinto
32
Belief Systems
  • Compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism

Dharma
Eightfold Path
Reincarnation
Karma
Brahman
Moksha
The Caste System
Nirvana
Founded by Siddhartha Guatma
Four Noble Truths
No founder
33
Belief Systems
Confucianism
Daoism
Legalism
34
Belief Systems
  • Five Pillars of Islam
  • Allah is the one true God
  • Give charity to the poor
  • Make Pilgrimage (Haji) to Mecca
  • Fasting during the Ramadan
  • Pray five times a day facing Mecca

35
Belief Systems
  • The Four Noble Truths (Buddhism)
  • Life is suffering
  • Suffering is caused by selfish desire
  • Suffering can be eliminated by eliminating desire
  • Desire can be eliminated by following the
    Eightfold Path

36
Belief Systems
  • The Ten Commandments
  • Code and rules of behavior followed by Christians
    and Jews

37
Belief Systems
  • The Five Relationships (Confucianism)
  • Superior to Inferior
  • Ruler to Subject
  • Father to Son
  • Husband to Wife
  • Older Brother to Younger Brother
  • Friend to Friend

38
Monotheistic Religions
Muhammad (I)
Bible (J,C)
5 Pillars (I)
Jesus (C)
Torah (J)
10 Commandments (J,C)
Synagogue (J)
Caliphate (I)
Mosque (I)
Monotheism (I,J,C)
Koran (I)
Began in the Middle East (I,J,C)
39
  • 1. One way in which the Five Relationships, the
    Ten Commandments, and the Eightfold Path are
    similar is that they
  • promote polytheism
  • provide codes of behavior
  • establish gender equality
  • describe secularism

40
  • 2. Christianity, Islam, and Judaism are similar
    in that they all ask their followers to
  • believe in reincarnation
  • strive for nirvana
  • follow a code of behavior
  • practice polytheism

41
  • 3. Which action is most closely associated with
    polytheism?
  • praying in a synagogue
  • worshipping many gods
  • accepting the Eightfold Path
  • reading the Koran

42
  • 4. The five relationships taught by Confucius
    encouraged people to
  • improve their position in life
  • maintain social and political order
  • respect and worship nature
  • serve the needs of religious leaders

43
  • 5. Which factor most influenced a persons social
    position in early Indian societies?
  • education
  • geographic location
  • birth
  • individual achievement

44
Golden Age of Athens
  • Greece
  • Occurred under the rule of Pericles
  • economic growth arts and culture flourished
  • growth of philosophy
  • democratic principles and institutions
    strengthened

45
Islamic Golden Age
  • Islamic Caliphate
  • Advances in Math (Algebra), Science, and Medicine
  • Preserved Greek, Roman, Persian knowledge

46
Gupta Empire
  • India
  • Advances in Math (concept of zero) and medicine
  • development of Sanskrit language and literature,
  • growth of art and architecture
  • Ajanta Caves

47
Mali
  • West Africa
  • Occurred under the rule of Mansa Musa
  • spread of Islam over trade networks
  • Wealth from gold and salt trade
  • Timbuktu became a major center of learning

48
Tang Dynasty
  • China
  • Invention of gunpowder, movable type and block
    printing, and Porcelain pottery
  • Trade along the silk road

49
  • A major contribution of the Golden Age of Islam
    was the
  • Development of mercantilism
  • Creation of the first polytheistic religion
  • Spread of democratic ideals
  • Advancement of mathematics and sciences

50
  • The Tang dynasty of China, the Gupta Empire of
    India, and the Mali Empire of Africa were similar
    in that each experienced a period of
  • Prosperity and artistic achievement
  • Feudalism and oppression
  • War and constant invasion
  • Mercantilism and industrial expansion
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