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Appendicular Skeleton

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Appendicular Skeleton Bones of limbs. Thoracic limbs (front leg) Scapula Humerus Radius Ulna Carpal bones Metacarpal bones Phalanges Pelvic Limbs (back leg) – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Appendicular Skeleton


1
Appendicular Skeleton
  • Bones of limbs.
  • Thoracic limbs (front leg)
  • Scapula
  • Humerus
  • Radius
  • Ulna
  • Carpal bones
  • Metacarpal bones
  • Phalanges
  • Pelvic Limbs (back leg)
  • Pelvis
  • Ilium
  • Ischium
  • pubis
  • Femur
  • Tibia
  • Fibula
  • Tarsal bones
  • Metatarsal bones

2
Appendicular Skeleton (limb bones)
  • Thoracic Limb
  • Scapula
  • Humerus
  • Radius
  • Ulna
  • Carpal bones (carpus)
  • Metacarpal bones
  • Phalanges

3
Scapula
  • Most proximal bone of the thoracic limb.
  • Flat and triangular.
  • Has prominent ridge on lateral surface referred
    to as the _____________.
  • The distal end forms portion of ball and socket
    shoulder joint called the ______________ cavity.

4
Humerus
  • Long bone of upper arm/brachium
  • Articulates with the _________ proximally and the
    _______ and _______ distally
  • Has head at proximal end with a large greater
    tubercle for muscle attachment.
  • Condyle at distal end is composed of trochlea
    (medial/ulna), capitulum (lateral, radius),
    medial and lateral epicondyles (medial and
    lateral/ no articulations)
  • _____________ fossa is proximal to the condyles
    on the caudal surface of the humerus
  • Is not the funny bone

5
  • One of two bones that form the antebrachium.
  • Proximally, forms major portion of elbow joint
    with distal end of the ____________.
  • Articulates distally with the ________ (except in
    the horse).
  • Point of the elbow olecranon process
  • Trochlear _________ concave articular surface
    that makes elbow secure.
  • Proximal end of trochlear notch forms a
    beak-shaped ______________ process.
  • tucks into the olecranon process of the humerus
  • Distal end of trochlear notch forms the two
    ________________ processes.
  • Styloid process forms the distal end of the ulna.

Ulna
6
Radius
  • Main weight bearing bone of the antebrachium.
  • Articulates with _________ and ulna proximally,
    and the _______ distally.
  • ___________process articulates with carpus.

7
Carpal Bones
  • Carpus has _______ rows of bones.
  • Is the _______ of the most animals, knee of
    horses
  • Proximal row bones have names
  • radial carpal bone, intermediate carpal (if
    present) ulnar carpal bone, accessory carpal bone
  • Distal row bones numbered medial to lateral
  • (1st carpal, 2nd carpal, etc)

8
Metacarpal Bones
  • Articulate proximally with the carpal bones and
    distally with the phalanges of the digits.
  • Numbered from _________ to _________ (dewclaw
    being number 1 in dogs and cats).
  • Horses have one large metacarpal III bone
    (__________ bone) and two non-weight bearing
    metacarpal II IV bones (___________ bones).
  • Cattle have fused metacarpal bones (III IV)
    with a groove dividing them

9
EQUINE
BOVINE
10
Phalanges (singular phalanx)
  • Each digit is made up of two or
    three______________ (proximal, middle, distal)
  • In horses phalanges are also called the long and
    short pastern bones and coffin bone.
  • Horses and cattle have proximal and distal
    sesamoid bones.
  • Distal sesamoid in horse navicular bone
  • Horses have one weight-bearing digit (III) and
    cattle have two (III IV)
  • Dogs and cats have an _____________ crest that
    surrounds the claw.

11
EQUINE PHALANGES
LONG PASTERN
SHORT PASTERN
COFFIN BONE
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