Chapter Three: Solids, Liquids and Gases Section 1: States of Matter

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Chapter Three Solids, Liquids and GasesSection
1 States of Matter

• How can you describe the motion of particles in a
  solid, a liquid and a gas?

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Solids

• The particles in a solid are closely locked in
  position and can only vibrate, as they do not
  have enough energy to slide past one another.

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• There are 2 types of solids
• Crystalline Solids
• Amorphous Solids

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Crystalline Solids

• Particles form a regular repeating pattern.
• These patterns create crystals.
• Examples Salt, Sugar, Snow, Quartz
• Melts at a specific temperature

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Amorphous Solids

• Particles are not arranged in a regular pattern.
• Examples Plastic, Rubber, Glass, Butter
• Does not melt at a distinct temperature, may
  become softer or change into other substances.

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Liquids

• In general, particles in a liquid are packed
  almost as closely as a solid, but the particles
  move freely.
• Compared to particles in a solid, the particles
  in a liquid are more loosely connected and can
  collide with and move past one another.
• This is why a liquid flows and has no definite
  shape.

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Properties of Liquids

• Surface Tension
• Result of an inward pull among the molecules of a
  liquid that brings the molecules on the surface
  closer together
• Causes water to bead up and insects to walk on
  water

• Viscosity
• A liquids resistance to flowing
• Depends on size and shape of particles and
  attraction between them
• High viscosity slow flow, like honey
• Low viscosity quick flow, like water

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Gases

• In gases, the atoms and molecules are free to
  move independently, colliding frequently.

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FLUIDS Fluid means a substance that
flows. Both liquids and gases are considered
fluids.
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LETS REVIEW!

• In Which type of Solid do particles form a
  regular repeating pattern?

Crystalline Solid

• What type of solid is butter?

Amorphous Solid
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LETS REVIEW!

• What are the 3 States of Matter?

Solid, Liquid, Gas

• Which state of matter has a definite volume, but
  no shape of its own?

Liquid
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LETS REVIEW!

• What state of matter is not considered a fluid?

Solids

• Does juice have a high or low viscosity?

Low