Sun, Moon, Earth,

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Sun, Moon, Earth,

• What kind of life cycle does a star have?

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Star Birth
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Star Birth

• All stars start out as part of a Nebula.

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Star Birth

• All stars start out as part of a Nebula.
• Nebula A large cloud of gas and dust spread out
  over an immense volume.

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Star Birth

• In the densest part of a Nebula gravity begins
  pulling the gas and dust together.

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Star Birth

• In the densest part of a Nebula gravity begins
  pulling the gas and dust together.
• A Protostar is formed when there is enough mass
  (gas and dust) concentrated to form a star.

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Star Birth

• As gravity continues to shrink the protostar it
  reaches a point where it is close to the size it
  will be. At this point it is called a T Tauri
  star.

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Star Birth

• Once the gas and dust become so dense and hot
  (about 15 million K) that nuclear fusion starts
  the star is born.

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Star Birth

• Once the gas and dust become so dense and hot
  (about 15 million K) that nuclear fusion starts
  the star is born.
• This process can take from 60,000 to 150 million
  years.

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Star Fact

• With all of the nuclear fusion happening why
  doesnt the star blow up?

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Star Fact

• With all of the nuclear fusion happening why
  doesnt the star blow up?
• Stars have a gravitational equilibrium which
  means gravity pulling in and nuclear fusion
  pushing out are exactly balanced.

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Star Life

• How long a star lives depends on its mass (how
  much fuel it has to burn up).

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Star Life

• How long a star lives depends on its mass (how
  much fuel it has to burn up).
• Large mass stars live the shortest.

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Star Life

• How long a star lives depends on its mass (how
  much fuel it has to burn up).
• Large mass stars live the shortest.
• Low mass stars live the longest.

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Star Life
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Star Death

• When a star runs out of fuel it begins to die.

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Star Death

• When a star runs out of fuel it begins to die.
• Once this happens the star will become one of
  three things.

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Star Death

• When a star runs out of fuel it begins to die.
• Once this happens the star will become one of
  three things.
• White dwarf

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Star Death

• When a star runs out of fuel it begins to die.
• Once this happens the star will become one of
  three things.
• White dwarf
• Neutron star

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Star Death

• When a star runs out of fuel it begins to die.
• Once this happens the star will become one of
  three things.
• White dwarf
• Neutron star
• Black hole

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Star Death

• Low to medium mass stars (A-M)

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Star Death

• Low to medium mass stars (A-M)
• As a star runs out of fuel its outer layers
  expand.

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Star Death

• Low to medium mass stars (A-M)
• As a star runs out of fuel its outer layers
  expand.
• Becomes a Red Giant.

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Star Death

• Low to medium mass stars (A-M)
• As a star runs out of fuel its outer layers
  expand.
• Becomes a Red Giant.
• Outer layers are ejected from the stars core
  as a Planetary Nebula.

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Star Death

• Low to medium mass stars (A-M)
• As a star runs out of fuel its outer layers
  expand.
• Becomes a Red Giant.
• Outer layers are ejected from the stars core
  as a Planetary Nebula.
• The core that is left behind cools and becomes a
  White Dwarf.

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Star Death

• Low to medium mass stars (A-M)
• As a star runs out of fuel its outer layers
  expand.
• Becomes a Red Giant.
• Outer layers are ejected from the stars core
  as a Planetary Nebula.
• The core that is left behind cools and becomes a
  White Dwarf.
• Glows because it is still really hot.

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Star Death

• Low to medium mass stars (A-M)
• As a star runs out of fuel its outer layers
  expand.
• Becomes a Red Giant.
• Outer layers are ejected from the stars core
  as a Planetary Nebula.
• The core that is left behind cools and becomes a
  White Dwarf.
• Glows because it is still really hot.
• After it finishes cooling it becomes a Black
  Dwarf.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Same as small mass up to Red Giant phase.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Same as small mass up to Red Giant phase.
• Fusion continues up to Iron (Fe).

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Same as small mass up to Red Giant phase.
• Fusion continues up to Iron (Fe).
• Iron absorbs energy but doesnt go through fusion.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Same as small mass up to Red Giant phase.
• Fusion continues up to Iron (Fe).
• Iron absorbs energy but doesnt go through
  fusion.
• Releases the energy in a massive explosion as a
  Supernova.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Same as small mass up to Red Giant phase.
• Fusion continues up to Iron (Fe).
• Iron absorbs energy but doesnt go through
  fusion.
• Releases the energy in a massive explosion as a
  Supernova.
• Form one of two things.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Neutron Stars Forms from the remains of the old
  star.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Neutron Stars Forms from the remains of the old
  star.
• Very very high density and very very small.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Neutron Stars Forms from the remains of the old
  star.
• Very very high density and very very small.
• As much as three times the mass of our star in an
  area the size of a city.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Neutron Stars Forms from the remains of the old
  star.
• Very very high density and very very small.
• As much as three times the mass of our star in an
  area the size of a city.
• Some give off regular pulses of radio waves and
  are called pulsars. (these were originally called
  LGMs).

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Black Holes Objects in space that have such
  high gravity that nothing (not even light) can
  escape them.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Black Holes Objects in space that have such
  high gravity that nothing (not even light) can
  escape them.
• We can find them because.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Black Holes Objects in space that have such
  high gravity that nothing (not even light) can
  escape them.
• We can find them because.
• Stars that are close to them are pulled by the
  gravity of the black hole.

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Star Death

• High mass stars (O and B)
• Black Holes Objects in space that have such
  high gravity that nothing (not even light) can
  escape them.
• We can find them because.
• Stars that are close to them are pulled by the
  gravity of the black hole.
• Gases in the area are pulled in so fast (like a
  drain in a sink) that they spin around the black
  hole and we see the heat given off.

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Sun, Moon, Earth,

• Where are we in the big picture?

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,439,922,663,400 km

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,439,922,663,400 km
• AU Astronomical Unit

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,460,730,472,581 km
• AU Astronomical Unit
• Average distance from the Earth to the sun

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,460,730,472,581 km
• AU Astronomical Unit
• Average distance from the Earth to the sun
• 1 AU

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,460,730,472,581 km
• AU Astronomical Unit
• Average distance from the Earth to the sun
• 1 AU 149,597,871 km

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,460,730,472,581 km
• AU Astronomical Unit
• Average distance from the Earth to the sun
• 1 AU 149,597,871 km
• 1 light year

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,460,730,472,581 km
• AU Astronomical Unit
• Average distance from the Earth to the sun
• 1 AU 149,597,871 km
• 1 light year 63,239 AU

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,460,730,472,581 km
• AU Astronomical Unit
• Average distance from the Earth to the sun
• 1 AU 149,597,871 km
• 1 light year 63,239 AU
• Plutos orbit around the sun

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Our cosmic address

• Some numbers you need to know
• Light year 9,460,730,472,581 km
• AU Astronomical Unit
• Average distance from the Earth to the sun
• 1 AU 149,597,871 km
• 1 light year 63,239 AU
• Plutos orbit around the sun 39.5 AU

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Our cosmic address

• Name

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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street

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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street
• City, State

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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street
• City, State
• Country

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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street
• City, State
• Country
• Planet

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Our cosmic address
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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street
• City, State
• Country
• Planet
• Solar System (about 79 AU)

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Our cosmic address
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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street
• City, State
• Country
• Planet
• Solar System
• Galaxy (6,327,000,000 AU)

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Our cosmic address
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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street
• City, State
• Country
• Planet
• Solar System
• Galaxy
• Local Group

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Our cosmic address
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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street
• City, State
• Country
• Planet
• Solar System
• Galaxy
• Local Group
• Local Super Cluster

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Our cosmic address
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Our cosmic address

• Name
• Street
• City, State
• Country
• Planet
• Solar System
• Galaxy
• Local Group
• Local Super Cluster
• Universe