Development in Middle Childhood

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Development in Middle Childhood
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Memory Strategies

• Rehearsal-repeating information to oneself over
  and over again
• Organization-grouping together related items
• Elaboration-creating a relationship between two
  or more items that are not members of the same
  category
• Guitar-clock
• Sink-eye
• foot -tent
• House-pipe
• Needle-fish

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More on learning

• Reading strategies
• Whole language-natural language
• Basic skills approach-phonics
• Mathematics
• At first multiplication is a repeated addition

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IQ Tests

• Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test (2yr-adult)
• Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III
• (WISC-III) 6yrs to 16 yrs

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Gardners Theory of Multiple Intelligences

• Learning styles of children

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Chapter 10

• Emotional and Social Development in Middle
  Childhood

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Erik Erikson

• Industry vs Inferiority-sense of competence at
  useful tasks and skills
• Self esteem
• Better at reading messages from others
• 8-15 peers are important
• Learned helplessness-accrediting success to luck
  and not to personal ability
• student may quickly give up when task is too
  difficult

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Emotions

• Pride and guilt occur at this time
• By age 8, children realize that they can
  experience more than one emotion at a time
• By age 10, children have a set of strategies to
  deal with emotions
• Soon they can put themselves in others shoes

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Moral Development

• Justice-concern beliefs about how to divide
  resources fairly
• 5-6-fairness-equality
• 6-7-fairness-merit extra rewards
• 8-benevolence-special consideration

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Peer Groups and Social Interactions

• Shared values and behaviors
• Children who participate in formal groups ( 4-H,
  boy scouts, church groups etc.) gain in moral and
  social understanding

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Friendships

• Mutually agreed upon relationship similar
  personal qualities
• Trust comes into play at this point

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4 types of social acceptance

• Popular children
• Rejected children
• Controversial children
• Neglected children

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Parenting and Family

• Siblings-help with companionship
• Parents may compare siblings which may increase
  sibling rivalry
• Oldest child may still receive the greatest
  pressure to mature

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Family and Family types

• Blended families
• Extended families
• Augmented families
• Two parent families
• Single families

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Issues related to school and home

• School phobia-11 to 13 years (20 of children may
  exhibit)
• Child Sexual Abuse
• More common again girls than boys
• Legal right to report
• Long term therapy may be necessary

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Resilience

• Warm, organized home life
• Support system
• Decrease stress