PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES How can we integrate the different stakeholders? How to achieve a cross-sectorial approach? Lars Egeland, MP and Standing Committee on Energy and the Environment, Norway

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PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE STRUCTURESHow can
we integrate the different stakeholders?How to
achieve a cross-sectorial approach?Lars
Egeland, MP and Standing Committee on Energy and
the Environment, Norway 
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Reality imposes harsh demands
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Norwegian Climate policy 30 cut in greenhouse
gas emissions within 2020, 2/3 domesticCarbon
neutral in 2050

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Where are we going to cut?

• There will be a need for emission reductions in
  all sectors
• The three biggest souces of greenhouse gas
  emissions in Norway are
• Transport (32 )
• Oil and gas sector (27 )
• Industry (26 ).

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Energy

• Norway has a lot of electric energy which is
  mainly fossil-free.
• But only half of Norways use of energy is
  fossil-free
• We need more renewable energy
• We need to be more economic with our use of
  energy
• We need a transmission from fossil energy to
  electric energy

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Task nr 1 Replace fossil energy with renewable

• Electric energy will be scarce
• New energy from wind, sun, tide, waterfalls
  bioenergy, biogas, district heating
• Replace fossil energy at oil and gas
  installations offshore
• Reduce fossil energy in transport and replace
  with electricity

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The best electricity is the one that is not used

• Huge potensial for reductions
• 10 TWh in private homes
• Passivhouse in 2015
• Almost zeroenergy in 2020
• Heating with fossil energy banned from 2020

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Transport

• Cut emissions from new cars 85 gr/CO2
• Transition from car to collective transport
• No increase in traffic in towns
• Cartaxes shall reduce transport and promote
  emission cuts
• Norway is nr 1 in electric cars

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..so then everyting should be OK , the
government takes the neccesarily steps..
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Challenges

• The overall policy is decided, but the work is
  not done..
• The government need popular support for an active
  climate policy
• The publics interest in climate policy is
  decreasing
• Why?

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Some reasons..

• The public has been demoralised and demobilised
• The polluter shall pay has turned to the
  polluter demands to be payed
• Climate policy is for experts, and the solutions
  are technologial
• Everybody is talking, nobody is acting..
• Warmer climate is not negative..

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Real conflicts renewable energy - biodiversity

• Windturbines , roads and power lines harm birds,
  animals (reindeer), biodiversity
• Water-energy harms wild fish and nature
• But Taking care of nature and of climate is two
  sides of the same cause

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What can we do?

• We need to engage people
• Integrate people in climate actions
• Climate must be an important subject in the 2013
  election

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How to engage people

• A vision of the lowcarbon-society that they like
  and believe in.
• We cannot frighten people to act
• Knowledge instead of moralism
• Climate issues must be something that effects
  their daily life
• Local engagement local solutions

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Two experiences

• How Tønsberg became the first city in Norway with
  waste sorting in all households
• Knowledge A report that described experiences in
  other countries, how to do it etc.
• Steadily political work
• When the time was in
• Political teamwork owned by all the party
  leaders
• Political pride The Eco-city Tønsberg

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The Local Agenda 21 approach

• Challenge people to use their experiences
• Put up reachable goals
• Show the results
• Give the stakeholders pride through credit

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Experience two How we managed to achieve a
political unity on Climate policy In Norway

• White paper from the majority-government in May
  2012
• Environment-organisations advocated a sustainable
  political compromise for the policy towards 2020.
  
• Negotiations broke down
• Petions from environment-organisations,
  Church-leaders, other well knowned people,
  created a demand for unity for an offencive
  climate-policy
• Long and hard negotiations on at least two
  fronts Within the goverment, among the
  minstries, towards the opposition.
• Negotiations with the party leaders - a key to
  success
• This does not mean that climate policy is
  neutralized as a field of political struggle

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Summary

• The important people must have ownership
  through getting credit
• What is in it for me Let everybody win something
• Look for solutions, not problems

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We need a vision, and it is not about technology
it is also about consumption and first of all
that the low emission society is a good society
for everyone