Potential Regional Nuclear Spent Fuel Management and Regional Uranium Enrichment /Reprocessing Paths for Asia - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 14
About This Presentation
Title:

Potential Regional Nuclear Spent Fuel Management and Regional Uranium Enrichment /Reprocessing Paths for Asia

Description:

Title: Evaluation of Additional PWR Spent Fuel Storage Requirement in South Korea Author: JungMinKang Last modified by: SONY Created Date: 4/17/2002 9:37:34 AM – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:86
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 15
Provided by: Jung92
Learn more at: http://nautilus.org
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Potential Regional Nuclear Spent Fuel Management and Regional Uranium Enrichment /Reprocessing Paths for Asia


1
Potential Regional Nuclear Spent Fuel Management
and Regional Uranium Enrichment /Reprocessing
Paths for Asia
  • Jungmin KANG
  • CISAC, Stanford University
  • 2007 AES Meeting
  • Beijing, China, Oct.31 Nov.2, 2007

2
Contents
  1. Rationale for regional approaches of the spent
    fuel management and enrichment services
  2. Past and recent proposals of the regional
    approaches
  3. Scenarios of the regional approaches
  4. Needed national data
  5. Concluding remarks

3
I. Rationale for the regional approaches
  • There are already about 90 total nuclear power
    plants in Japan, ROK, China, and Taiwan. Nuclear
    power capacity of East Asia is expected to be
    grow in the coming years, including future NPPs
    deployment by Indonesia and Vietnam, since all
    these countries see nuclear power as an important
    element of their economic development strategies.
    Therefore, spent fuel management and fuel supply
    assurance will be hot issues in East Asia in near
    future.
  • In March 2004, M. ElBaradei the Director General
    of IAEA referred to the wide dissemination of the
    most proliferation-sensitive parts of the nuclear
    fuel cycle the production of new fuel, the
    processing of weapons-usable material and the
    disposal of spent fuel as the possible
    Achiles heel of the nuclear non-proliferation
    regime, and to the importance of tightening
    control over such operations. He indicated that
    this could be done by bring such parts of the
    nuclear fuel cycle under some form of
    multilateral control, with appropriate checks and
    balances to preserve commercial competitiveness,
    to control the proliferation of sensitive
    information and to ensure of fuel cycle services
    for peaceful applications.

4
II. Past and recent proposals of the regional
approaches
  • In 1982, the IAEA concluded a project of the
    International Fuel Cycle Evaluation (INFCE) in
    which IAEA expert groups suggested an
    establishment of international plutonium storage
    and international spent fuel management.
  • In the mid-1990s, the concept of the
    International Monitored Retrievable Storage
    System (IMRSS) was proposed by Wolf Hafele. The
    IMRSS envisioned international sites where spent
    fuel, and possibly also excess separated
    plutonium, could be stored under monitoring for
    an extended period but could be retrieved at any
    time for peaceful use or disposal.
  • In mid-1990s through the late 1990s, there were
    several proposals on the nuclear energy
    cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region, including
    spent fuel management as an important issue to be
    addressed regionally. Tatsujiro Suzuki summarized
    a comparison of various proposals for regional
    nuclear cooperation during the period and
    concluded that there are potential areas of
    cooperation where common needs and interests
    exist, including nuclear safety, management of
    back end of the fuel cycle for example.

5
II. Past and recent proposals of the regional
approaches (cont)
  • In 1990s, a commercial group called Pangea was
    looking for an international geologic repository
    for both spent fuel and radioactive wastes.
    Envisioning a facility for disposing of 75,000 MT
    heavy metal of spent fuel/HLW, Pangea initially
    selected Australia for its proposed repository,
    but is seeking other sites around the world after
    confronting political opposition in Australia.
  • During the late 1990s to early 2000s, two
    proposals involving depository sites in Russia
    were presented. One is a concept of the
    Nonproliferation Trust (NPT) that called for
    establishing a dry cask storage facility in
    Russia that would accept 10,000 MT heavy metal of
    spent fuel from abroad, and would include
    eventual spent fuel disposal. The other is a
    concept offered by MINATOM, which suggested a
    plan for an international spent fuel service
    involving offering temporary storage with later
    return of the spent fuel, or reprocessing of
    spent fuel without return of plutonium or
    radioactive wastes for customer countries.
  • In 2003, Dr. Mohamed ElBaradei suggested
    multinational approaches to the management and
    disposal of spent fuel and radioactive waste. In
    2005, commissioned at Dr. M. ElBaradei's
    suggestion, the IAEA published a report on
    Multilateral Approaches to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle
    in which the IAEA concluded that such approaches
    are needed and worth pursuing, on both security
    and economic grounds.

6
II. Past and recent proposals of the regional
approaches (cont)
  • In January 2006, Russian President Vladimir Putin
    announced a Global Nuclear Power Infrastructure
    (GNPI) initiative to provide the benefits of
    nuclear energy to all interested countries in
    strict compliance with nonproliferation
    requirements, through a network of international
    nuclear fuel cycle centers (INFCC). INFCC are
    conceived as being related to the provision of
    enrichment services and to spent fuel management
    issues through the provision of reprocessing and
    the disposal of residual waste within the
    framework of INFCC, under IAEA safeguards.
  • In February 2006, the Bush government proposed
    the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) in
    which the GNEP proposed fuel supply guarantees
    and take back arrangements. The goal of GNEP is
    to establish and sustain 'cradle to grave' fuel
    services or leasing arrangements over time and at
    a scale commensurate with the anticipated
    expansion of nuclear energy by helping in a way
    to solve the nuclear waste challenge.

7
III. Scenarios of the regional approaches
  • Regional spent fuel management
  • Option I-1 A host country providing interim
    storage following disposal of spent fuel from
    customer countries
  • - Conceivable host China, Unified Korea
  • - Conceivable customer Japan, ROK, Taiwan,
    others

8
III. Scenarios of the regional approaches (cont)
  • Regional spent fuel management
  • Option I-2 A host country providing interim
    storage following reprocessing of spent fuel from
    customer countries with no return of separated
    plutonium and HLW to the customer countries
  • - Conceivable host Russia, China
  • - Conceivable customer ROK, Taiwan, others

9
III. Scenarios of the regional approaches (cont)
  • Regional spent fuel management
  • Option I-3 A host country providing interim
    storage following disposal or reprocessing of
    spent fuel by providing enrichment supply
    assurance for customer countries
  • - Conceivable host Russia, China, Australia
  • - Conceivable customer Japan, ROK, Taiwan,
    others

10
III. Scenarios of the regional approaches (cont)
  • Regional enrichment services
  • Option II-1 A regional supplier providing
    enrichment supply assurance for customer
    countries
  • - Conceivable regional supplier A
    consortium of multilateral enterprises, e.g. USEC
    (US), TENEX (Russia), URENCO (Germany,
    Netherland, UK) and AREVA (France)
  • - Conceivable customer Japan, ROK, China,
    Taiwan, others

11
III. Scenarios of the regional approaches (cont)
  • Regional enrichment services
  • Option II-2 A regional supplier to be
    established by some of customer countries
    providing enrichment supply assurance for
    customer countries
  • - Conceivable regional supplier A regional
    enrichment corporation to be established by
    Japan, ROK, China and Taiwan
  • - Conceivable customer Japan, ROK, China,
    Taiwan, others

12
III. Scenarios of the regional approaches (cont)
  • Regional enrichment services
  • Option II-3 A host country providing
    interim storage following disposal or
    reprocessing of spent fuel by providing
    enrichment supply assurance for customer
    countries (the same as Option I-3)
  • - Conceivable host Russia, China, Australia
  • - Conceivable customer Japan, ROK, Taiwan,
    others

13
IV. Needed national data
  • Future demand of natural uranium and enrichment
    services as well as generation of spent fuel and
    radioactive wastes depend on deployment of NPPs,
    types of NPPs, nuclear fuel cycle strategy (i.e.
    direct disposal or recycle of spent fuel) of a
    country.
  • Long-term nuclear power supply plan depends on
    the projection of electricity generation and
    sharing of nuclear power over total electricity
    generation of a country.
  • The projection of electricity depends on
    electricity consumption per capita and population
    of a country.
  • For quantitative analysis on the scenarios for
    regional approaches in the spent fuel management
    and enrichment services, this study needs those
    relevant data which are mentioned above.

14
V. Concluding remarks
  • Quantitative analysis on the scenarios for
    regional approaches in the spent fuel management
    and enrichment services in East Asia is underway
    with the aspects of material balance of nuclear
    materials and radioactive wastes and cost.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com