Title: GM%20Crops%20
1GM Crops so what is in the pipeline?
All-Party Parliamentary Group on Science and
Technology in Agriculture
Dr Julian Little Chair of the Agricultural
Biotechnology Council
2GM crops whats in the pipeline?
- Crops
- Countries
- Public-Private Partnerships
- Conclusions
3Remember
- ? The European Regulatory system is the most
robust anywhere in the world - ? No GM product has achieved regulatory approval
for cultivation since 1998 - ? Only one first generation is currently
licenced for use in the EU - We do have a functional system for import and
food and feed use - 10 products went into the system in 2008
- ? Only 4 products came out of the system in 2008
4Industry Soybean PortfolioA Steady Pipeline of
New Biotech Events Nearly Every Year
Agronomic Quality/Food
Omega-3 (Monsanto Steandonic Acid)
Omega-3 (EPA/DHA) DuPont
Bt/RR2Y (Monsanto)
RR2Y (Monsanto)
Low Sat (Monsanto)
Rust (Monsanto Pioneer
High Beta- Conglycinin (Monsanto DuPont)
High Stearate (Monsanto DuPont)
Dicamba Tolerant (Monsanto)
Antibody - containing (against E. coli 0157H)
Feed High Protein Soybean (Monsanto DuPont)
Yield (Monsanto Pioneer)
Low-Phytate (DuPont)
201X
2009
Modified 7S Protein FF (DuPont)
Low Lin (Syngenta)
Disease (Monsanto Pioneer)
High Oleic (DuPont)
Glyphosate isoxazole tol. (Bayer)
High Oleic, Stearate (DuPont)
Soybean Cyst Nematode Monsanto Pioneer
GAT/Glyphosate-ALS (Pioneer)
Processing High Oil Soy (Monsanto)
Herbicide tol. 2,4-D (Dow) and aryloxyphenoxy
propionate herbicides
Liberty Link (Bayer)
Estimated commercialization pipeline of soybean
biotech events prepared by the American Soybean
Association, November 2007.
5Industry Soybean Portfolio Helping Farmers to
grow their cropA Steady Pipeline of New Biotech
Events Nearly Every Year
Agronomic Quality/Food
Omega-3 (Monsanto Steandonic Acid)
Omega-3 (EPA/DHA) DuPont
Bt/RR2Y (Monsanto)
RR2Y (Monsanto)
Low Sat (Monsanto)
Rust (Monsanto Pioneer
High Beta- Conglycinin (Monsanto DuPont)
High Stearate (Monsanto DuPont)
Dicamba Tolerant (Monsanto)
Antibody - containing (against E. coli 0157H)
Feed High Protein Soybean (Monsanto DuPont)
Yield (Monsanto Pioneer)
Low-Phytate (DuPont)
201X
2009
Modified 7S Protein FF (DuPont)
Low Lin (Syngenta)
Disease (Monsanto Pioneer)
High Oleic (DuPont)
Glyphosate isoxazole tol. (Bayer)
High Oleic, Stearate (DuPont)
Soybean Cyst Nematode Monsanto Pioneer
GAT/Glyphosate-ALS (Pioneer)
Processing High Oil Soy (Monsanto)
Herbicide tol. 2,4-D (Dow) and aryloxyphenoxy
propionate herbicides
Liberty Link (Bayer)
Estimated commercialization pipeline of soybean
biotech events prepared by the American Soybean
Association, November 2007.
6Industry Soybean Portfolio Food Quality
NutritionA Steady Pipeline of New Biotech Events
Nearly Every Year
Agronomic Quality/Food
Omega-3 (Monsanto Steandonic Acid)
Omega-3 (EPA/DHA) DuPont
Bt/RR2Y (Monsanto)
RR2Y (Monsanto)
Low Sat (Monsanto)
Rust (Monsanto Pioneer
High Beta- Conglycinin (Monsanto DuPont)
High Stearate (Monsanto DuPont)
Dicamba Tolerant (Monsanto)
Antibody - containing (against E. coli 0157H)
Feed High Protein Soybean (Monsanto DuPont)
Yield (Monsanto Pioneer)
Low-Phytate (DuPont)
201X
2009
Modified 7S Protein FF (DuPont)
Low Lin (Syngenta)
Disease (Monsanto Pioneer)
High Oleic (DuPont)
Glyphosate isoxazole tol. (Bayer)
High Oleic, Stearate (DuPont)
Soybean Cyst Nematode Monsanto Pioneer
GAT/Glyphosate-ALS (Pioneer)
Processing High Oil Soy (Monsanto)
Herbicide tol. 2,4-D (Dow) and aryloxyphenoxy
propionate herbicides
Liberty Link (Bayer)
Estimated commercialization pipeline of soybean
biotech events prepared by the American Soybean
Association, November 2007.
7Soybean non agronomic traits
- High oleic soybean
- Oleic acid reduces transfats
- Submitted for regulatory approval
- Low phytate soybeans
- Reduced phosphorus levels in livestock/poultry
manure - Improved human nutrition through better mineral
absorption by the body - High omega-3 soybeans
- Much increased omega-3 levels for improved human
health benefits - High stearic acid soybeans
- Up to six times more than conventional with
improved food processing benefits through
reducing harmful fats
8and not just an empty promise!
On the way
- Long chain omega-3 fatty acids a vital
constituent in our diets but rarely eaten at the
recommended levels - Up to now, the only viable point of entry for
the long chain versions is through unsustainable
fishing - Now successfully introduced into soybean
- Crops grown in field trials
- Human clinical trials completed
- Close to submission for regulatory approval
- Will we ever see it on the UK shelves??
9Maize
NutriDense corn increased protein content,
essential amino acids reduced phytate content
(BASF)
High Lysine(Monsanto)
DHP herbicide resistance(Dow)
SmartStax multiple insect tolerance(Dow /
Monsanto)
Corn Amylase (Syngenta)
2012
gt2012
2010
2011
Herculex multiple insect tolerance(Dow / Pioneer)
Drought Tolerance (Monsanto Syngenta)
Optimum GAT multiple herbicide
tolerance(Pioneer)
Optimum AcreMax multiple insect tolerancestack
(Pioneer)
Nitrogen-use efficiency (Monsanto Syngenta)
10Maize
NutriDense corn increased protein content,
essential amino acids reduced phytate content
(BASF)
High Lysine(Monsanto)
DHP herbicide resistance(Dow)
SmartStax multiple insect tolerance(Dow /
Monsanto)
Corn Amylase (Syngenta)
2012
gt2012
2010
2011
Herculex multiple insect tolerance(Dow / Pioneer)
Drought Tolerance (Monsanto Syngenta)
Optimum GAT multiple herbicide
tolerance(Pioneer)
Optimum AcreMax multiple insect tolerancestack
(Pioneer)
Nitrogen-use efficiency (Monsanto Syngenta)
11Maize for farmers
NutriDense corn increased protein content,
essential amino acids reduced phytate content
(BASF)
High Lysine(Monsanto)
DHP herbicide resistance(Dow)
SmartStax multiple insect tolerance(Dow /
Monsanto)
Corn Amylase (Syngenta)
2012
gt2012
2010
2011
Herculex multiple insect tolerance(Dow / Pioneer)
Drought Tolerance (Monsanto Syngenta)
Optimum GAT multiple herbicide
tolerance(Pioneer)
Optimum AcreMax multiple insect tolerancestack
(Pioneer)
Nitrogen-use efficiency (Monsanto Syngenta)
12Maize for climate change
NutriDense corn increased protein content,
essential amino acids reduced phytate content
(BASF)
High Lysine(Monsanto)
DHP herbicide resistance(Dow)
SmartStax multiple insect tolerance(Dow /
Monsanto)
Corn Amylase (Syngenta)
2012
gt2012
2010
2011
Herculex multiple insect tolerance(Dow / Pioneer)
Drought Tolerance (Monsanto Syngenta)
Optimum GAT multiple herbicide
tolerance(Pioneer)
Optimum AcreMax multiple insect tolerancestack
(Pioneer)
Nitrogen-use efficiency (Monsanto Syngenta)
13Maize - Nutrition
NutriDense corn increased protein content,
essential amino acids reduced phytate content
(BASF)
High Lysine(Monsanto)
DHP herbicide resistance(Dow)
SmartStax multiple insect tolerance(Dow /
Monsanto)
Corn Amylase (Syngenta)
2012
gt2012
2010
2011
Herculex multiple insect tolerance(Dow / Pioneer)
Drought Tolerance (Monsanto Syngenta)
Optimum GAT multiple herbicide
tolerance(Pioneer)
Optimum AcreMax multiple insect tolerancestack
(Pioneer)
Nitrogen-use efficiency (Monsanto Syngenta)
14More and more GM crops now have Multiple Gene
Additions
15What does Bt (insect tolerance) do for your yield?
16UK Specific Crops
- Potatoes esp BASF
- Blight Resistance would have a huge positive
impact on potato growing in UK and Ireland - Industrial use higher quality, lower energy
imput. Amflora currently stuck in EU system
- Oilseed Rape esp Bayer BASF
- Modified oils to include zero-trans and long
chain fats versions as well as Omega-3 - Even higher yielding versions on the way
17China already commercialised
Crop Field Trials Environmental Release Pre-Production Trial Commercial Activity
Cotton ? ? ? ?
Tobacco ? ? ? ?
Tomato ? ? ? ?
Sweet Pepper ? ? ? ?
Papaya ? ? ? ?
Poplar Trees ? ? ? ?
Flowers ? ? ? ?
18China close to formal commercialisation
Crop Field Trials Environmental Release Pre-Production Trial Commercial Activity
Rice ? ? ? 2009?
Wheat ? ? ? ?
Maize ? ? ? ?
Soybean ? ? ? ?
Oilseed Rape ? ? ? ?
Chilli ? ? ? ?
Potato ? ?
Peanut ? ?
Cabbage ? ?
19India
Crop Trait Research Contained Field Trials Field Trials Commercial Activity
Cotton Insect Resistance ? ? ? ?
Brinjal (Eggplant) Insect Resistance ? ? ? 2009
Cabbage Insect Resistance ? ? 2009?
Cauliflower Insect Resistance ? ? 2009?
Mustard Increased Yield ? ?
Rice Insect Resistance ? ?
Maize Insect Resistance ? ?
Okra Insect Resistance ? ?
Groundnut Insect Resistance ?
Potato Late Potato Blight ?
Tomato Lycopene enhancement ?
20Public-Private Partnerships
21So what about wheat?
Fusarium-resistant wheat
22Conclusions
- The first generation simple GM crops are being
rapidly supplanted by multiple gene stacked
second generation products - Different companies have different expertise in
different crops - Increasingly, crops containing quality traits are
entering the regulatory process - Public funding is starting to drive innovation in
countries such as India and China - Where normal business models are absent,
public-private partnerships allow access to this
increasingly powerful technology