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Jean Piaget Cognitive Development

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Chapter 4 Cognition all mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating Jean Piaget Theory of Cognitive Development Actually ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Jean Piaget Cognitive Development


1
Jean PiagetCognitive Development
  • Chapter 4

2
Cognition
  • Cognition all mental activities associated with
    thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
  • Jean Piaget
  • Theory of Cognitive Development
  • Actually studied children to develop his theory

3
Cognitive Development (Jean Piaget)
  • A childs mind develop through stages
  • The maturing brain builds schemas a framework
    to organize information

4
Assimilation and Accommodation
  • Using and adjusting our schemas
  • Assimilate new experiences child uses old
    experiences to deal with new situations
  • Ex. Doggies have four legs, all four legged
    creatures are doggies
  • Accommodate our schemas to fit new experiences
    child changes old method to adjust to new
    situations.
  • Ex. Learning that all four legged creatures are
    not doggies and that to tell a doggie from a pig,
    you should look at its face
  • VIDEO- Schema, Assimilation, Accommodation
  • Start at 40-310

5
Stages of Cognitive Development
  • Activity Complete Piagetan Tasks
  • Sensorimotor Stage Birth to Age 2
  • Discovering the world through senses
  • (Parents excited about walking for first time..a
    few days later they are bumming why?
  • If still have toys from when you were 1 might
    have bite marks in them.
  • First schemas begin to form
  • Young infants lack object permanence (until about
    8 months old)
  • The awareness that objects continue to exist when
    not perceived
  • At 8 months old, infants begin to look
    momentarily for toys that are hidden
  • Video Object Permanence

6
Stages of Cognitive Development
  • Preoperational Stage Preschool (About Age 2 to
    Age 6)
  • Children at this age are too young to perform
    mental operations
  • Video Preoperational Thinking
  • (if babysitting and only 3 crackers left here is
    a way to get more)
  • Child lacks the concepts of conservation
  • Quantity remains the same despite changes in
    shape.
  • Ex. Milk in a short glass filled to the rim vs.
    that same amount of milk poured into a larger
    glass.

7
Egocentrism, Theory of Mind and Autism
  • Egocentric Children fail to see things from
    anothers point of view. Many parents mistakenly
    view their child as being very selfish (up till
    age 4
  • Ex.- sharing difficulty
  • Ex.- reaction to friend getting very hurt.
  • Ex- unable to lie.
  • Q When was your first lie?
  • theory of mind- change of mind (430)
  • Theory of mind Children come to realize (about
    age 4) that people have minds and thus they
    think, feel and perceive.

8
Autism
  • Autism a disorder that appears in children and
    is marked by deficient communication, social
    interaction, and impaired theory of mind.
  • Personal experiences with Autism

9
Preoperation Cont.
  • The "False Belief" Test

10
Animism (preoperational stage)
  • refers to the tendency of children to believe
    that all objects, animals, and things are living
    and capable of having feelings, intentions, and
    emotions. Objects are personified. For example, a
    preoperational child may explain that it is
    raining because, "the sun is sad and it's
    crying." When a child accidentally falls into a
    wall, he or she may hit it afterwards, as if the
    wall intended to hurt him or her.

11
Stages of Cognitive Development
  • Concrete Operational Stage Age 7 to Age 11
  • Child begins to grasp conservation. (Change in
    shape does not mean change in quantity)
  • Volume, Area, and Number.
  • Ex.- cutting a sandwich in half or cutting up a
    pizza into more slices
  • Review using video from England
  • REVIEW- BBC DVD on Preoperational vs. Concrete
    Operational children

12
Stages of Cognitive Development
  • Formal Operation Stage Age 12 through Adulthood
  • Adolescents and adults develop the ability to
    think about and solve abstract problems in a
    logical manner
  • Solve hypothetical propositions
  • Q Beginning tomorrow every baby in the world is
    born with one leg (doesnt matter right or left)
  • formal operational child
  • Develop capacity for moral reasoning NOT
    necessarily high morals. Re p. 167

13
Criticisms of Piaget
  • Basically, the sequence of cognitive development
    unfolds as Piaget suggests
  • Piaget underestimated children
  • Movement from stage to stage is not abrupt rather
    it is a gradual development.
  • Movement from stage to stage happens faster than
    Piaget thought
  • Theory does not explain how the change occurs
    from stage to stage

14
Santa and Piaget
  • Describe what a child in each of Piagets stages
    would think about Santa Clause.
  • Sensorimotor
  • Preoperational
  • Concrete Operational
  • Formal Operational
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