Autism Spectrum Disorder - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 11
About This Presentation
Title:

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Description:

Autism Spectrum Disorder Ricci, pp. 1900-1901 Incidence and Types Usually manifests in infancy or early childhood as developmental delays or regression No relation to ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:228
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 12
Provided by: SFo73
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Autism Spectrum Disorder


1
Autism Spectrum Disorder
  • Ricci, pp. 1900-1901

2
Incidence and Types
  • Usually manifests in infancy or early childhood
    as developmental delays or regression
  • No relation to socioeconomic level or parenting
    style
  • Ranges from mild to severe types autism,
    Aspergers, pervasive development disorder, Rett
    syndrome, disintegrative

3
Etiology
  • Genetic disorder of brain development most likely
  • Viruses or toxic chemicals have been speculated
  • Autosomal recessive pattern
  • No evidence of link to thimerosal-containing
    vaccines

4
Manifestations
  • Abnormal EEG
  • Seizures
  • Delayed development of hand dominance
  • Persistence of primitive reflexes
  • Limited language acquisition
  • Losing language and social skills
  • Elevated serum serotonin levels
  • Brain hypoplasia
  • Large head, large ears

5
Manifestations
  • Indifference to touch and affection
  • Shows unusual attachments to objects
  • Overly sensitive to light, touch, sound, hearing,
    smell, taste
  • Performs repeated body movements
  • Language delays or regression
  • Nonsense rhyming or word repetition
  • Communicates with gestures
  • Cannot start or maintain conversation

6
Manifestations
  • Behavioral outbursts, preoccupation
  • Head banging, hand biting
  • Limited pretend play
  • GI/nutritional issuesconstipation, willful
    starvation, gagging, mouthing objects, eating
    non-edibles, smelling and throwing food
  • Screening for manifestations are main way of
    diagnosing (see Box 42-8, p. 1200)

7
Nursing Management
  • Highly structured behavior modification with
    routines, consistency, and positive reinforcement
  • Increase social awareness of others
  • Teach verbal communication skills
  • Decrease unacceptable behaviors

8
Pharmacologic Therapy
  • Meds to decrease irritability, aggression,
    anxiety, mood swings, hyperactivity
  • Risperidol
  • SSRIs
  • Divalproex
  • Ritalin

9
Hospitalized Autistic Child
  • Parents present
  • Encourage parents to bring in favorite
    possessions
  • Limit physical contact when possible
  • Private room with low stimulation

10
Parental Support
  • Feel guilt and shameneed counseling and support
  • Encourage parents to care for child in home with
    family support, if possible. If not, then
    institutional care
  • Early intervention/IEP for public school
  • Refer to mental health facilities and facilities
    for developmental disabilities
  • Refer to Autism Society of America
    www.autism-society.org

11
Owen SuskindAutism Story on ttbook.org
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com