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Chapter 5 Notes The Modern Era

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Chapter 5 Notes The Modern Era I. A Rapidly Changing World The Industrial Revolution allowed people to use machinery and new methods to increase productivity. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 5 Notes The Modern Era


1
  • Chapter 5 Notes The Modern Era
  • I. A Rapidly Changing World
  • The Industrial Revolution allowed people to use
    machinery and new methods to increase
    productivity.
  • The Industrial Revolution was a result of
    Britains large supply of natural resources, raw
    materials, and workers.
  • Textiles were the first major industry.
  • II. Changing Lifestyles
  • Industrial workers worked long hours and in
    dangerous conditions.
  • Workers then formed unions that bargained for
    better conditions.
  • The Industrial Revolution resulted in better
    living conditions and stronger economies for
    countries.

2
  • III. Rivalry Between Nations
  • Under imperialism, European countries claimed
    colonies in Asia and Africa in the late 1800s
  • WWI broke out in Europe in 1914 and as a result
    many once-strong countries became weak. The U.S.
    and Japan became great powers.
  • In 1917, the Russian Revolution led to the system
    of communism.
  • In the 1930s, worldwide depression and problems
    that were not solved led to WWII.
  • After WWII, the Soviet Union and U.S. emerged as
    world powers.
  • Chapter 5 Notes (A Continent Divided)
  • I. The Cold War
  • The global competition between democratic U.S.
    and Communist Soviet Union to spread its ideas
    was known as the Cold War.

3
  • Both sides had a large amount of nuclear weapons.
  • The U.S. lent money to help rebuild Europe, and
    to stop the spread of communism (Marshall Plan).
  • II. West European Nations Cooperate
  • In 1948, the Truman Doctrine offered military aid
    to those who were fighting communism inside their
    borders.
  • In 1949, NATO was formed to respond to possible
    attacks by the Soviet Union. All agreed to help
    one another if attacked.
  • III. The Soviet Community
  • In Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union made
    satellite nations of these countries.
  • In 1955, the Soviet Union formed its satellites
    into an alliance known as the Warsaw Pact.

4
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949)
  • United States
  • Belgium
  • Britain
  • Canada
  • Denmark
  • France
  • Iceland
  • Italy
  • Luxemburg
  • Netherlands
  • Norway
  • Portugal
  • 1952 Greece Turkey
  • 1955 West Germany
  • 1983 Spain

5
Warsaw Pact (1955)
  • East Germany
  • Hungary
  • Poland
  • Rumania
  • U. S. S. R.
  • Albania
  • Bulgaria
  • Czechoslovakia

6
  • IV. A Clash Between the Superpowers
  • In 1948, the Soviet Union blockaded, closed off
    Berlin which created much tension.
  • Two separate governments were also set up in
    Germany, W. Germany (Democratic) and E. Germany
    (Communist)
  • The city of Berlin was a divided by two which the
    Soviet Union created the Berlin Wall to prevent
    people from leaving E. Berlin.
  • V. The End of the Cold War
  • In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev, introduce reforms to
    stimulate the economy. (glasnost/perestroika)
  • In the late 1980s the Soviet Union moved towards
    capitalism and democracy and as a result their
    satellites became independent.

7
Post-War Germany
8
  • Chapter 5 Notes (Moving Toward Unity)
  • I. The End of the Soviet Union
  • Protests in E. Germany led to the Berlin Wall
    coming down and the reunification of Germany in
    1990.
  • In 1991, Soviet Union broke up which 15 new
    countries formed.
  • II. The New Europe
  • Today, Europe is becoming an economic power.
  • Some Europeans would like to see the European
    Union become the United States of Europe.
  • Most of the EUs members use the same currency,
    the Euro.
  • Some of the problems that the EU is trying to
    solve is the income gap, population growth, and
    environmental issues.
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