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Material%20from%20Thursday%20September%2019th%20handout%20covered%20on%20Tuesday%20September%2024th

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Material from Thursday September 19th handout covered on Tuesday September 24th – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Material%20from%20Thursday%20September%2019th%20handout%20covered%20on%20Tuesday%20September%2024th


1
Material from Thursday September 19th handout
covered on Tuesday September 24th
2
Human Pedigrees Polymorphic Traits
3
Human Pedigrees X-linked Dominant
4
Categories of inheritance
  • Autosomal recessive
  • e.g., PKU, Tay-Sachs, albinism
  • Autosomal dominant
  • e.g., Huntington disease
  • X-linked recessive
  • e.g., color-blindness, hemophilia, DMD
  • X-linked dominant
  • e.g., hypophosphatemia
  • Y-linked
  • Organelle

5
Calculating probabilities
Aa
Aa
AA
AA
aa
aa
What is the probability that the offspring in
question will have the trait?
6
Inheritance of Organelle Genes and
Organelle-linked Traits
In humans
2 rRNA 22 tRNA 13 proteins
7
Inheritance of Traits due to Mitochondrial DNA
Mutations
Maternal Inheritance - Affected females pass
trait to all - Affected males never pass on the
trait
8
Material from Thursday September 24ths handout
covered Thursday September 24th
9
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10
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11
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12
Dihybrid Test Cross
13
Dihybrid Self Cross
14
Crossing Over creates recombinant progeny for
genes on the same chromosome
15
Cis trans crossing-over
cis
trans
meiotic crossing-over
AB/ab ? aB/Ab
Ab/aB ? AB/ab
  • Drawing shows only chromatids engaged in
    crossing-over
  • Effect is to switch between cis and trans

16
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17
Consequences of crossing-over
  • Genetic Analyses
  • Frequency of recombinant gametes is 0-50,
    depending on frequency of meiocytes with
    crossing-over (for syntenic genes)
  • Results in deviation from 1111 in testcrosses
  • parental combination is most frequent
  • recombinant combination is rarest
  • Allows drawing of linkage maps based on
    recombination frequencies (RF)
  • Chromosome Segregation
  • At least one CO per chromosome arm (in humans,
    usually only one CO per arm)
  • Required for equal segregation of homologs during
    meiosis I

18
HW/Study Problemstopic 4 material covered
through todays lecture
  • Solved problems 1,2
  • Basic problems 1,2,3,4,5,6,17,18,19,26,
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