REASONS FOR ENGLISH

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ENGLISH COLONIZATION

• REASONS FOR ENGLISH
• EXPLORATION

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A. Economics LOOKING FOR OPPORTUNITY

• Mercantilism an economic system in which the
  nation increases their wealth and power by
  obtaining gold and silver and establishing a
  favorable balance of trade OR
• Colonies exist for the benefit of the mother
  country.

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2. New Merchant class wanted to get rich through
overseas trade 3. Middle/Lower class wanted a
better life-could not afford to live in England
second sons 4. Unemployed farmers wanted to own
land- England was becoming crazy for wool and
farmers were being evicted from the lands they
worked
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B. SOCIAL

• Workers/Farmers wanted to move up the social
  ladder.
• English leaders colonies were a safety valve-
  way to get rid of certain people!!
• example Religious problems and criminals.

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C. POLITICAL

1. English subjects wanted political freedom
2. Kings ruled by the idea of Divine right

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D. RELIGIOUSDominant religion- Roman Catholic

• PROTESTANT REFORMATION
• Protest/Reform the Catholic Church
• 3 MAJOR FIGURES
• Martin Luther
• John Calvin
• King Henry VIII

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MARTIN LUTHER (1517)

• Catholic monk who wanted to reform
• the Catholic church
• Posted 95 theses that
• criticized practices in the church.
• EFFECT split church
• CATHOLIC AND PROTESTANT

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2. JOHN CALVIN (1530s)

• Predestination (CALVINISM)
• belief that God has chosen to send certain
• people to heaven and the remainder to hell.
• -Decision is said to take place before the
  universe was created and is purely random.

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3. KING HENRY VIII of England (1534)

• Split with the Catholic church and developed his
  own church the ANGLICAN CHURCH

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E. RIVALRY WITH SPAIN
VS.

• WHY?????
• 1. Spanish colonies were very successful in
  bringing wealth and pride to Spain
• 2. Religious issues (Catholic vs. Protestant)

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BRITISH PLAN!!

• English Sea Dogs attacked Spanish ships and
  ports stealing their gold and silver and
  returning to England
• Sir Francis Drake (most successful
• Sea Dog)
• English attacked Spain for 3 years

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SPANISH REVENGE1588

• Spanish King Phillip II sent the Spanish Armada
  (most powerful navy in the world) to conquer
  England.
• Fought battle in the English channel, smaller
  faster and longer range weapons on the English
  ships defeated the Armada
• Armada was really hurt by a strong storm
• Only 67 out of 130 ships made it back to Spain
• DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA

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Pictures representing the defeat of the Spanish
Armada
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EFFECT

• a. England would remain independent and
  Protestant
• b. Spains image was tarnished- they could be
  defeated
• c. Opened up seas for England- leading to
  colonization