Chapter 29: Asian Nations Struggled to Gain Stability

1
Chapter 29 Asian Nations Struggled to Gain
Stability

• (1945 to the present)

2
Introduction

• Look at the maps on pgs. 615 and 795 and compare
  them
• How many nations that were former colonies have
  gained independence?
• Which nations were never colonies?
• What are some challenges that might arise in the
  new Asian nations?
• Building an economy, establish a government and
  resist outside forces
• How might these new nations affect the west?
• They might exert cultural influence, provide
  economic competition and serve as pawns in the
  cold war

3
Chapter Overview

• Great change occurred after WWII
• In China, Communist led by Mao Zedong overthrew
  the nationalist government
• The communist dramatically change the nature of
  Chinas economy
• Disputes among party leaders led to the Great
  cultural Revolution of 1966
• China broke off relations with the Soviet Union
• Later China resumed diplomatic relations with the
  US

4
Korea

• Was divided after WWII
• Northern Korea (Communist) invaded S. Korea in
  1950
• The attack was condemned by the UN
• An armistice was signed in 1953
• Japan
• Lost territorial gains
• Underwent agricultural and industrial changes
• In the 1980s Japan was Asias leading industrial
  power

5
Indian Subcontinent

• Was divided into India and Pakistan
• India, under Nehru, adopted a mixed economy
• Foreign relations were marked by conflicts with
  Pakistan and China
• After a civil war, East Pakistan became the
  nation of Bangladesh

6
Philippines/Indonesia

• The Philippines gained independence in 1946 but
  retained close ties with the US
• After years of authoritarian rule under Ferdinand
  Marcos, the Philippines returned to democracy in
  the 1980s
• Indonesia
• Under Sukarno and Suharto Indonesia suffered from
  economic misstatement
• The new federation of Malaysia was endangered by
  cultural and economic differences
• After gaining independence, Burma tries to remain
  neutral in the ongoing East-West conflict

7
Indochina

• France fought a long war and was defeated by
  communist led Viet Minh
• In the 1960s the US became heavily involved in
  Vietnam but with drew in 1973
• N. Vietnam defeated S. Vietnam in 1975
• Other countries in S. Asia were also affected by
  border disputes and refugee problems
• Asian countries encouraged industrialization with
  various approaches such as authoritarian measures
  to international cooperation
• Some countries enjoyed success but throughout the
  region economic development proceeded at a slow
  pace

8
Objectives

• Discuss the changes in Chinese economic and
  foreign policy instituted by the communist
  government
• Explain the causes and effects of the Great
  Proletarian Cultural revolution
• Outline the causes and results of the Korean war
• ID the aims of the American occupation of Japan
• Describe the social and economic changes that
  occurred in postwar Japan
• Trace the development of the US-Japanese
  relations since 1945
• ID the major social and economic problems facing
  India
• Describe the events that led to the
  establishment of Bangladesh and Pakistan

9
Objectives

1. Compare the movement toward independence of the
   countries of SE Asia
2. Discuss the challenges facing the countries of SE
   Asia today
3. Trace the US involvement in the Vietnamese
   conflict
4. Explain how the Vietnamese War affected the
   countries of Indochina
5. Discuss the trend toward authoritarian
   governments in Asia
6. Describe the economic development in Asia
7. Give examples of Asias influence on the West