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Disaster Planning and Organization

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Title: Disaster Planning and Organization


1
Disaster Planning and Organization
Dr. Eric Goedecke Asst. Professor of Emergency
Medicine
2
Learning Objectives
  • Steps of disaster planning
  • Concepts in management planning and interventions

3
Steps of Disaster Planning
  • Planning
  • Resource assessment
  • Risk and hazard analysis

4
Risk and Hazard Analysis
  • Assessment of threats to the locality
  • Geographic
  • Building
  • Population cluster
  • Children groups
  • Day care or schools
  • Summer camps
  • Field trips

5
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6
Risk and Hazard Analysis
  • Environmental Hazards
  • Weather
  • Tornados
  • Hurricanes
  • Geographic
  • Earthquakes
  • Flood plains

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9
Risk and Hazard Analysis
  • Man-made Hazards
  • Chemicals
  • Production, storage and transport
  • Biologic hazards
  • Terrorism
  • Transportation Hazards
  • Materials
  • Mass transit centers

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11
Resource Assessment
  • Local resources
  • EMS
  • Police
  • Fire department
  • Cruz Rojas
  • Volunteers
  • Rotary Club
  • Childrens advocacy groups

12
Resource Assessment
  • National
  • Cruz Rojas
  • FEMA
  • DMAT
  • National Police
  • Agencies and unions
  • College of Physicians and Surgeons
  • Nurses

13
www.fema.gov/areyouready
14
Resource Needs
  • Personnel
  • Pediatric specialists (if available)
  • Equipment
  • Supplies water, food, blankets
  • Shelter
  • Suppliers with contact source
  • Back-up suppliers and contact sources

15
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16
Resource Needs
  • Communications
  • Equipment and personnel
  • Telephone company/cell phones often overload
  • Ham radio / alternative methods

17
Resource Needs
  • Transportation
  • Roads
  • Vehicles, public and private
  • Maintaining access for emergency vehicles often
    problematic

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21
Planning is a Dynamic Process
  • Plan before, during and after
  • Contingency planning
  • Continued revising

22
Plan Ahead
  • Resource assessment
  • Be realistic about resources not already
    committed to the disaster
  • Know local limits
  • When and how to call for outside resources
  • Scale of response

23
Plan Ahead
  • Discuss with groups / individuals
  • Identify problems
  • Find options
  • Keep updated on response abilities
  • Resources and personnel
  • Vary by incident

24
Plan Ahead
  • Involve all potential participants
  • Dont overlook potential resources
  • Avoid improper assumptions
  • Regular planning meetings
  • Risks of area
  • Unforeseen events

25
Planning Exercises
  • Look for deficiencies
  • Single components vs. multi-group
  • Moulage useful but complex
  • Inter-group cooperation

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27
Planning after Exercise
  • Debriefing after exercise
  • Share information
  • Improve plan
  • Ensure dissemination of changes to plans
  • Honest not defensive feedback from all

28
During the Disaster
  • Constant revision of plan
  • New risks and resources
  • Loss of resources
  • Flexibility
  • Alternate uses of resources
  • Alternate ways of transporting patient to
    resources or resources to patient

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31
Incident Command System
Incident Commander
Command Staff
Planning
Finance
Logistics
Operations
32
Incident Command System
  • Identified central commander with limited scope
    of control
  • leave chain of command for smaller groups intact
  • Unified command
  • Modular system
  • Expand as needed

33
Medical control - Decisions
  • Disaster interventions differ from everyday
  • less information
  • more victims
  • different priorities
  • Stress for responders
  • Greatest good to greatest number
  • may not be optimal care for each person
  • Triage/treatment protocols for children
  • will help providers

34
Documentation
  • Need to provide permanent record
  • Transfer of information from field to base
    hospital
  • Limit information
  • will lose some details

35
Documentation problems
  • Data loss / inaccuracies
  • Patient limitations - unable to obtain / convey
    accurate information
  • Multicopy permanent record
  • Deterioration of record
  • Identifying the nameless victim

36
Documentation uses
  • To track patient movements
  • To reunite families
  • Epidemiological studies
  • Evaluation and post disaster critique
  • Long term sequelae and resupply

37
Conclusion
  • Planning
  • risk / hazard analysis
  • resource assessment
  • planning is a dynamic process
  • Incident Command System

38
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