Political Landscapes: Barriers and Walls in the 20th and 21st Century - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Political Landscapes: Barriers and Walls in the 20th and 21st Century

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AP Human Geography Use the graphic organizer provided to document information about important barriers/walls built by countries to establish their borders. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Political Landscapes: Barriers and Walls in the 20th and 21st Century


1
Political Landscapes Barriers and Walls in the
20th and 21st Century
  • AP Human Geography

2
Directions
  • Use the graphic organizer provided to document
    information about important barriers/walls built
    by countries to establish their borders.
  • This graphic organizer will help you answer one
    of the FRQs found on the Unit Exam.

3
The Mexico/US Border
4
The Border
  • The MexicoUnited States border is an
    international border running from Imperial Beach,
    California, and Tijuana, Baja California, in the
    west to Matamoros, Tamaulipas, and Brownsville,
    Texas, in the east.
  • 1,969 miles long

5
Purpose
  • to slow/control the flow of undocumented
    immigrants/goods from Mexico to the US

6
(No Transcript)
7
Video
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vY9Pm8q8OExM (3
    minutes)

8
The Berlin Wall
9
(No Transcript)
10
Another Cold War crisis
  • Background
  • East West rivalry
  • Berlin divided contrast the two halves.

WEST Prosperous, helped by US, attracted people
from the East. Seen by USSR as infection in the
heart of Communist East Germany.
EAST Much less prosperous and under Communist
control
11
What they wanted
  • The West
  • Prevent USSR from gaining control of East Germany
  • To see a united, democratic Germany
  • The East
  • Maintain control over East Germany
  • Make the West recognise it as an independent
    state
  • Stop the flood of refugees especially the skilled
    and professional ones much needed in East
    Germany

12
Purpose of Wall
  • to prevent East Germans from fleeing to the West

13
Video
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vszjFKADu69U (3
    minutes)
  • https//www.youtube.com/watch?vQ7Bi6tiWNCk (10
    minutes)

14
North Korea/South Korea Demilitarized Zone
15
NORTH PER CAPITA GDP 1,800 Many still
suffering from lack of food
SOUTH PER CAPITA GDP 32,020 ECOMONY GROWING
RAPIDLY
16
Leadership in N. and S. Korea
  • Kim Jong-un is the supreme leader of North Korea.
    He is the son of Kim Jong-il.
  • Park Geun-hye is the eleventh and current
    President of South Korea. She is the first woman
    to be elected as President in South Korea

17
  • The two countries are separated by the DMZ
    (demilitarized zone) at the 38th parallel.
  • 38th Parallel - line of latitude (38 degrees
    North) that separates communist North Korea from
    democratic South Korea.
  • DMZ Demilitarized Zone- a weapons-free zone
    between North Korea and South Korea no weapons
    or troops are permitted in this zone, although
    each side is heavily guarded to prevent invasion
    by the other it has also been made into a
    wildlife sanctuary in hopes that might deter
    either side from becoming aggressive

18
Purpose of the DMZ
  • to act as a buffer zone in order to reduce the
    likelihood of violence between North and South
    Korea

19
North Korea Population 24.5 million 57 urban
South Korea Population 50 million 80 urban
SATELLITE IMAGES AT NIGHT




20
Video Escape from North Korea
  • http//www.nytimes.com/2013/06/06/opinion/escape-f
    rom-north-korea.html?_r0 (9 minutes)

21
Social/Political Consequences
  • Increased tension between neighboring countries
    or among citizens within a walled country
    (e.g., East Berlin)
  • Increased isolation (reduction in the diffusion
    of culture)
  • Stigmatizing of excluded population (either
    internally or externally)
  • Promotes nationalism, reduces foreign influences,
    increases xenophobia
  • Illegal crossing of the border becomes more
    dangerous
  • Separation of families, friends, relatives,
    cultural groups
  • Increased protection/security from either real or
    perceived threat
  • Reduced face-to-face interaction between people
    of neighboring countries
  • Increased virtual communication between people of
    neighboring countries
  • Reduced migration

22
Economic Consequences
  • Cost of construction, maintenance, staffing
  • Creates jobs construction, maintenance, staffing
  • Reduction in flow of illegal goods
  • Reduction in flow of illegal labor and potential
    savings in social costs
  • Loss of job opportunities for those excluded,
    less money earned/sent home, reverse remittances
  • Loss of cheap labor
  • Increased cost of smuggling (humans, drugs, other
    goods)
  • Reduced seasonal migration

23
Now work with a partner to answer this FRQ
  • a. Identify 2 examples of walls or other barriers
    built by countries in the 20th and 21st
    centuries. (5 pts)
  • b. Explain the purpose of one of the examples you
    identified in part a. (10 pts)
  • c. For each of the categories listed below,
    discuss one consequence (positive or negative)
    faced by countries as a result of walls or other
    barriers established along their borders. (10
    pts)
  • social or political
  • economic
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