LESSONS%20LEARNED%20FROM%20PAST%20NOTABLE%20DISASTERS%20RUSSIA%20PART%201:%20FLOODS - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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LESSONS%20LEARNED%20FROM%20PAST%20NOTABLE%20DISASTERS%20RUSSIA%20PART%201:%20FLOODS

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Title: LESSONS%20LEARNED%20FROM%20PAST%20NOTABLE%20DISASTERS%20RUSSIA%20PART%201:%20FLOODS


1
LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE
DISASTERSRUSSIAPART 1 FLOODS
  • Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster
    Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

2
NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN
RUSSIA
FLOODS
GOAL PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES
WINDSTORMS
EARTHQUAKES
HIGH BENEFIT/COST PROGRAMS FOR BECOMING DISASTER
RESILIENT
WILDFIRES
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
3
Natural Phenomena that Cause Disasters
  • Planet Earths atmospheric-hydrospheric-lithospher
    ic interactions cause
  • FLOODS

4
RUSSIA
5
Russia, the largest country in the world, and the
only one surrounded by twelve seas and spread out
on two continents, has many communities that are
at risk from riverine flooding, flash floods, and
floods from windstorms.
6
RUSSIAS RIVERS AMONG THE IMPORTANT RIVERS OF
THE WORLD
7
RUSSIAS RIVERS
8
RUSSIA HAS MANY RIVERS THAT HAVE EXPERIENCED
FLOODING
  • Russias rivers in Europe include the Volga,
    the Don, the Kama, the Oka, and the Northern
    Dvina.
  • In Asia, Russias rivers include the Ob, the
    Irtysh, the Yenisev, the Angara, the Lena, the
    Amur, the Yana, the Indiqirka, and the Kolyma.

9
ELEMENTS OF RISK AND DISASTER
10
ELEMENTS OF FLOOD RISK
RISK
11
FLOOD HAZARDS (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS)
  • TOO MUCH WATER DISCHARGED WITHIN THE DRAINAGE
    SYSTEM TO BE ACCOMMODATED NORMALLY IN THE
    REGIONAL WATER CYCLE
  • EROSION
  • SCOUR
  • MUDFLOWS

12
THE VOLGA, MOTHER VOLGA, IS EUROPES LONGEST
RIVER
13
FLOOD ON THE VOLGA APRIL 2012
14
THE FLOOD HAZARDSARE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS
15
A DISASTER CAN HAPPENWHEN THE POTENTIAL
DISASTER AGENTS OF A FLOOD INTERACT WITH RUSSIAS
COMMUNITIES
16
CAUSES OF RISK
LOSS OF FUNCTION OF STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN
INUNDATION
INTERACTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
STRUCTURAL/CONTENTS DAMAGE FROM WATER
FLOODS
WATER BORNE DISEASES (HEALTH PROBLEMS)
CASE HISTORIES
EROSION AND MUDFLOWS
CONTAMINATION OF GROUND WATER
17
A DISASTER is ---
  • --- the set of failures that overwhelm the
    capability of a community to respond without
    external help  when three continuums 1)  people,
    2) community (i.e., a set of habitats,
    livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3)
    complex events (e.g., floods, earthquakes,..)
    intersect at a point in space and time.

18
Disasters are caused by single- or
multiple-event natural hazards that, (for
various reasons), cause extreme levels of
mortality, morbidity, homelessness, joblessness,
economic losses, or environmental impacts.
19
THE REASONS ARE . . .
  • When it does happen, the functions of the
    communitys buildings and infrastructure will be
    LOST because they are UNPROTECTED with the
    appropriate codes and standards.

20
THE REASONS ARE . . .
  • The community is UN-PREPARED for what will likely
    happen, not to mention the low-probability of
    occurrencehigh-probability of adverse
    consequences event.

21
THE REASONS ARE . . .
  • The community has NO DISASTER PLANNING SCENARIO
    or WARNING SYSTEM in place as a strategic
    framework for early threat identification and
    coordinated local, national, regional, and
    international countermeasures.

22
THE REASONS ARE . . .
  • The community LACKS THE CAPACITY TO RESPOND in
    a timely manner to the full spectrum of expected
    and unexpected emergency situations.

23
THE REASONS ARE . . .
  • The community is INEFFICIENT during recovery and
    reconstruction because it HAS NOT LEARNED from
    either the current experience or the cumulative
    prior experiences.

24
FLOODS IN RUSSIAMARCH 2010
  • SPRING RUNOFF AFTER A HARSH WINTER INCREASES
    FLOOD RISKS ACROSS RUSSIA

25
Prime Minister Vladimir Putin warned that
thousands of Russian towns and villages could be
affected by "unusually strong" spring floods as
record snowfall melted after the harshest winter
in years.
26
Military planes and helicopters were called in to
help cope with floods in the basins of the Ob,
Angara, Yenisei, Lena and Amur Rivers by carrying
out surveillance missions and breaking up ice
jams.
27
2012 FLASH FLOOD DISASTER
  • JULY 2012

28
JULY 2012 FLASH FLOOD DISASTER
  • The 2012 Russian floods occurred in Krasnodar
    Krai (southwest Russia near the coast of the
    Black sea as the result of the equivalent of five
    months of rain (275 mm (10 inches) falling
    overnight.

29
JULY 2012 FLASH FLOOD DISASTER
  • 144 people died during the floods.
  • The floods damaged the homes of nearly 13,000
    people.

30
JULY 2012 FLASH FLOOD DISASTER
  • Approximately 30,000 people were adversely
    impacted by the floods.

31
JULY 2012 FLASH FLOOD
32
JULY 2012 FLASH FLOOD
33
RECORD FLOODING ALONG AMUR RIVER NEAR KHABAROVSK,
RUSSIAAugust 23, 2013
34
LOCATION MAP
35
RECORD FLOODING IN EASTERN RUSSIA
  • The water in the Amur River near Khabarovsk
    reached 720 cm (24 ft), exceeding the historic
    level of 642 cm set during the flood of 1897 over
    a century ago.

36
RUSSIAS AMUR RIVER
37
PREPARING FOR A RECORD CREST OF THE AMUR RIVER
38
BUT . . . , THE RAIN AND RUNOFF AFTER A
DIMINISHED SUPER TYPHOON UTOR MADE LANDFALL IN
CHINA EXACERBATED FLOODING IN EASTERN RUSSIA
39
TYPHOON UTOR AUGUST 14
40
IMPACTS IN RUSSIA
  • The flooding devastated the homes of more than 31
    thousand people, and adversely affected more than
    21 million people in various ways.
  • More than 15 thousand people were evacuated.
  • Economic losses exceeded 3 billion rubles.

41
HEALTH CARE CONCERNS
  • As flooding conditions worsened, unfavorable
    sanitary and epidemiological conditions developed
    throughout the area, exacerbating the risk of
    water-borne diseases.
  • The flooding also created an urgent need for safe
    drinking water.

42
INUNDATION
43
WITH ITS MANY RIVERS,RUSSIAS NEXT FLOOD IS
INEVITABLE
  • ---SO, DONT WAIT FOR ANOTHER REMINDER OF THE
    IMPORTANCE OF BECOMING FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENT.

44
THE ALTERNATIVE TO A FLOOD DISASTER ISFLOOD
DISASTER RESILIENCE
45
RUSSIAS COMMINITIES
DATA BASES AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN
UP AFTERSHOCKS
46
DISASTER RESILIENCE STRATEGIES FOR FLOODS
  • PURPOSE
  • PROTECTION
  • THREAT IDENTIFICATION AND WARNING
  • TECHNIQUE
  • WETLANDS, RESERVOIRS, LEVEES, DAMS
  • REMOTE SENSING
  • COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

47
LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE
  • ALL FLOODS TECHNOLOGIES THAT FACILITATE
    THREAT IDENTI-FICATION FOR SMART COUNTER-MEASURES
    IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

48
EXAMPLE OF FLOOD PROTECTION A DAM
49
LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE
  • ALL FLOODS
  • PREPAREDNESS FOR ALL THE LIKELY FLOOD HAZARDS
    (E.G., HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SPILL) IS ESSENTIAL
    FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

50
LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE
  • ALL FLOODS TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS
    ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

51
DISASTER RESILIENCE STRATEGIES FOR FLOODS
  • PURPOSE
  • DO NOT BUILD IN THE FLOODPLAIN
  • FACILITATE RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION
  • TECHNIQUE
  • URBAN PLANNING
  • A FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAMME
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