Title: Chapter 28: The Cold War and the American Dream Section 2: The Korean War and McCarthyism Section 3: The Fifties
1Chapter 28 The Cold War and the American
DreamSection 2 The Korean War and
McCarthyismSection 3 The Fifties
F
2Right after WWII there was also a civil war in
China
- On one side Communists led by
- Mao Tse Tung.
- The other side Nationalists backed by the
United States. - The Communists won the Civil war and the
Nationalists were forced to leave the country
they ended up going to Taiwan
F
3Americans were shocked that another country
turned to communism and thought they might try
and take over the whole world.
- Then, some events in Korea contributed to this
fear. - Korea was separated in two parts - at the 38th
parallel (48) - North Korea supported by communists
- South Korea supported by the United States
F
4F
5 F
6In 1950, North Korean forces crossed into South
Korea
- The Korean War was starting.
- Truman was going to use Korea as the first test
of his containment policy. - The United Nations (16 nations sent troops) tried
to helped fight against the North Koreans but
most of the fighting was done by Americans.
F
7The American General (Douglas MacArthur) pushed
the North Koreans all the way back to the edge
of China
F
8Now, the question is
- Youre fighting against communism.
- The Chinese are now communists.
- Youre dominating North Korean communists.
- Youre fighting right on the edge of China.
- Do you go into China and try and take care of
communism there too? - The Chinese warned that we better stop right at
the border.
F
9F
10But China did see the American forces as a threat
to attack so they
- Decided to help the North Koreans.
- They succeeded in pushing the U.S. all the way
back to the 38th parallel
F
11Truman and MacArthur completely disagreed about
attacking China
- MacArthur wanted to attack China Truman wanted
to contain communism. - Truman eventually had to fire MacArthur.
- MacArthur returned to the United States as a hero
(he was also the main general in the Pacific in
WWII). - Eventually most people came to agree with
Trumans actions.
F
12F
13As the Korean War (Conflict) dragged on
- It became more unpopular.
- The two sides had peace talks for a couple of
years. - When Truman decided to not run for president.
- Eisenhower wanted to.
- He promised a speedy end to the Korean conflict.
F
14Eisenhower agreed to a compromise to end the war.
- But he also told people privately that hed use
nuclear weapons if he had to. - Korea ended where it started with the 38th
Parallel dividing North Korea and South Korea. - The important thing for the U.S. was
communism had been contained in Korea
F
15Korea today No real change from the 50s
F
16F
17F
18F
19One politician who used the threat of communism
to his advantage was Joseph McCarthy
- He said he had information about people who were
communists in the U.S. - He held investigations and even trials.
- He ruined the careers of many people.
- He never really proved any of his claims and soon
faded away. - (He did all this while he was running for
re-election for the Wisconsin Senate). - These kind of witch hunts are sometimes called
McCarthyism (18).
F
20F
21Since President Eisenhower had been a general
- He had much more aggressive ideas about how to
stop communism - He was willing to go to war if he needed to stop
its spread.
F
22The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. were soon locked in an
arms race (24)
- They eventually also began a space race (25) when
the Soviets launched the worlds first space
satellite. - This also meant the Russians had developed a big
enough missile that they could attack the United
States
F
23And the U.S. started spending billions for its
own space research
- The two sides were actually going to have some
meetings but - About that same time a U.S. spy plane was shot
down over Russia and the Soviets were mad we
wouldnt apologize.
F
24F
25Not everything was wonderful in the fifties.
- Nearly 1 in 5 people lived in poverty.
- Most of these people were minorities and
immigrants who couldnt afford to move out of the
cities. - Employers often took advantage of these people
paying them little and asking them to work a lot
because they knew they needed money so badly.
F
26As a president, Eisenhower kept most of the New
Deal programs
- He expanded social security
- He increased the minimum wage
- He created the Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare. - He built over 41,000 miles of new interstates as
part of The Interstate Highway Act (35) (also to
be used for the defense of our country)
F
27The American Dream in the 50s
- Get married
- Have kids (baby boom (37)
- Live in the suburbs with a car, living near
malls, movie theaters, restaurants. - Have your kids go to a good school
- Live where you felt safe.
- Dad worked 9-5 and mom took care of the house and
kids. - Have all the new modern conveniences of life
F
28Less people went to watch movies now they could
watch television(By 1960 9-10 houses had a TV
set)
- Lassie
- The Lone Ranger
- The Howdy Doody Show
- The Mickey Mouse Club
- I Love Lucy
- Father Knows Best
- Captain Kangaroo
- Musicals / Variety
F
29F
30F
31And
Rock and Roll
- Bill Haley
- Chuck Berry
- Little Richard
- Fats Domino
- Jerry Lee Lewis
- So many others
F
32And we cant forget about
"The King"
F
33Remember the lost generation who were around
right after WWII?
- The 60s had a somewhat similar group.
- Writers and poets who protested the shallowness
and conformity of American society. - They were known as beatniks(49).
F
34By the end of the 50s it was time for a new
president
- 1960 was one of the tightest presidential races
in history. - Between Richard Nixon (Ikes V.P.) and a young
guy JFK. - They even had the first ever televised debates.
- Kennedy won the election.
F