Chapter 28: The Cold War and the American Dream Section 2: The Korean War and McCarthyism Section 3: The Fifties - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Chapter 28: The Cold War and the American Dream Section 2: The Korean War and McCarthyism Section 3: The Fifties

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... Lucy Father Knows Best Captain Kangaroo Musicals / Variety And Bill Haley Chuck Berry Little Richard Fats Domino Jerry Lee Lewis So many others And ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 28: The Cold War and the American Dream Section 2: The Korean War and McCarthyism Section 3: The Fifties


1
Chapter 28 The Cold War and the American
DreamSection 2 The Korean War and
McCarthyismSection 3 The Fifties
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2
Right after WWII there was also a civil war in
China
  • On one side Communists led by
  • Mao Tse Tung.
  • The other side Nationalists backed by the
    United States.
  • The Communists won the Civil war and the
    Nationalists were forced to leave the country
    they ended up going to Taiwan

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3
Americans were shocked that another country
turned to communism and thought they might try
and take over the whole world.
  • Then, some events in Korea contributed to this
    fear.
  • Korea was separated in two parts - at the 38th
    parallel (48)
  • North Korea supported by communists
  • South Korea supported by the United States

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In 1950, North Korean forces crossed into South
Korea
  • The Korean War was starting.
  • Truman was going to use Korea as the first test
    of his containment policy.
  • The United Nations (16 nations sent troops) tried
    to helped fight against the North Koreans but
    most of the fighting was done by Americans.

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The American General (Douglas MacArthur) pushed
the North Koreans all the way back to the edge
of China
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Now, the question is
  • Youre fighting against communism.
  • The Chinese are now communists.
  • Youre dominating North Korean communists.
  • Youre fighting right on the edge of China.
  • Do you go into China and try and take care of
    communism there too?
  • The Chinese warned that we better stop right at
    the border.

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But China did see the American forces as a threat
to attack so they
  • Decided to help the North Koreans.
  • They succeeded in pushing the U.S. all the way
    back to the 38th parallel

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11
Truman and MacArthur completely disagreed about
attacking China
  • MacArthur wanted to attack China Truman wanted
    to contain communism.
  • Truman eventually had to fire MacArthur.
  • MacArthur returned to the United States as a hero
    (he was also the main general in the Pacific in
    WWII).
  • Eventually most people came to agree with
    Trumans actions.

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As the Korean War (Conflict) dragged on
  • It became more unpopular.
  • The two sides had peace talks for a couple of
    years.
  • When Truman decided to not run for president.
  • Eisenhower wanted to.
  • He promised a speedy end to the Korean conflict.

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Eisenhower agreed to a compromise to end the war.
  • But he also told people privately that hed use
    nuclear weapons if he had to.
  • Korea ended where it started with the 38th
    Parallel dividing North Korea and South Korea.
  • The important thing for the U.S. was

communism had been contained in Korea
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15
Korea today No real change from the 50s
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18
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One politician who used the threat of communism
to his advantage was Joseph McCarthy
  • He said he had information about people who were
    communists in the U.S.
  • He held investigations and even trials.
  • He ruined the careers of many people.
  • He never really proved any of his claims and soon
    faded away.
  • (He did all this while he was running for
    re-election for the Wisconsin Senate).
  • These kind of witch hunts are sometimes called
    McCarthyism (18).

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Since President Eisenhower had been a general
  • He had much more aggressive ideas about how to
    stop communism
  • He was willing to go to war if he needed to stop
    its spread.

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22
The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. were soon locked in an
arms race (24)
  • They eventually also began a space race (25) when
    the Soviets launched the worlds first space
    satellite.
  • This also meant the Russians had developed a big
    enough missile that they could attack the United
    States

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And the U.S. started spending billions for its
own space research
  • The two sides were actually going to have some
    meetings but
  • About that same time a U.S. spy plane was shot
    down over Russia and the Soviets were mad we
    wouldnt apologize.

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24
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Not everything was wonderful in the fifties.
  • Nearly 1 in 5 people lived in poverty.
  • Most of these people were minorities and
    immigrants who couldnt afford to move out of the
    cities.
  • Employers often took advantage of these people
    paying them little and asking them to work a lot
    because they knew they needed money so badly.

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26
As a president, Eisenhower kept most of the New
Deal programs
  • He expanded social security
  • He increased the minimum wage
  • He created the Department of Health, Education,
    and Welfare.
  • He built over 41,000 miles of new interstates as
    part of The Interstate Highway Act (35) (also to
    be used for the defense of our country)

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27
The American Dream in the 50s
  • Get married
  • Have kids (baby boom (37)
  • Live in the suburbs with a car, living near
    malls, movie theaters, restaurants.
  • Have your kids go to a good school
  • Live where you felt safe.
  • Dad worked 9-5 and mom took care of the house and
    kids.
  • Have all the new modern conveniences of life

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28
Less people went to watch movies now they could
watch television(By 1960 9-10 houses had a TV
set)
  • Lassie
  • The Lone Ranger
  • The Howdy Doody Show
  • The Mickey Mouse Club
  • I Love Lucy
  • Father Knows Best
  • Captain Kangaroo
  • Musicals / Variety

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And
Rock and Roll
  • Bill Haley
  • Chuck Berry
  • Little Richard
  • Fats Domino
  • Jerry Lee Lewis
  • So many others

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And we cant forget about
"The King"
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33
Remember the lost generation who were around
right after WWII?
  • The 60s had a somewhat similar group.
  • Writers and poets who protested the shallowness
    and conformity of American society.
  • They were known as beatniks(49).

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34
By the end of the 50s it was time for a new
president
  • 1960 was one of the tightest presidential races
    in history.
  • Between Richard Nixon (Ikes V.P.) and a young
    guy JFK.
  • They even had the first ever televised debates.
  • Kennedy won the election.

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