Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

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Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

• Type Focus Assessment
• respecting individual differences

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MBTI Background Information

• Based on Jungs Theory of Psychological Type
• People differ in fundamental ways
• People differ in systematic and orderly ways
• People differ because of the way they use
  perception and judgment

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To think about

• Not about intelligence or pathologies
• Not exhaustive
• Provides information on some key preferences,
  tendencies and traits but
• You decide how accurate it is
• Way to better know own behaviors to increase
  flexibility
• Way to appreciate and build complementary work
  teams

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Two basic mental activities

• Perception
• Process by which we become aware

• Judgment
• Process for coming to conclusions about awareness

Thinking feeling
Sensing intuition
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How one gets energy

• Extraversion Introversion
• Directed Outward Directed Inward

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Applying MBTI Information

• MBTI data have proven useful for assisting people
  with
• Career choice
• Organizational relationships
• Intimate relationships
• Communication
• Problem solving
• Improved learning strategies

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Four scales - continuum

• Extraversion----------------Introversion
• Sensing--------------------------Intuition
• Thinking-------------------------Feeling
• Judgment-----------------------Perception

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Dimensions summarized

• E-I Where One Prefers to Focus What Energizes
  her/him. Environment or ideas.
• S-N Type Of Preferred Information. How to think
  about things
• T-F Basis For Decisions. Objective vs.
  subjective data
• J-P How Person Prefers To Cope With Demands Of
  Outer World. Closure or defer for new info

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Focus Of Attention Extraversion

• E People
• Focus on outer world of people and activity.
• Receive energy from interacting with people and
  taking action

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Extravert Characteristics

• Typical E Characteristics
• Prefer to communicate by talking
• Work out ideas, learn by talking things over.
• Sociable and expressive
• Take initiative in work and relationships. May
  act quickly, w/o thinking.

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Focus Of Attention Introversion

• I People Prefer To
• Focus on their own inner world of ideas and
  experiences.
• Direct their energy inward.
• Receive energy from reflection, thought, and
  memories.

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Introvert Characteristics

• Drawn to personal inner world.
• Prefer to communicate in writing.
• Work out ideas through reflection.
• Learn best through mental practice.
• Private and contained.
• Take initiative only when issue is personally
  important.

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Sensing

• S People Prefer Information To Be
• Real and tangible.
• Reflective of what is actually happening.
• Specific and measurable.

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Sensor Characteristics

• Oriented to present realities.
• Factual and concrete.
• Focus on the real and actual.
• Observe and remember specifics.
• Build carefully toward conclusions.
• Comprehend ideas/theories through practical
  application.
• Trust own experience.

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Intuition

• Favor Big Picture information.
• Focus on relationships and connections between
  and among facts.
• Seek to discover/grasp patterns.
• Especially attuned to recognizing new
  possibilities.

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Intuitor Characteristics

• Oriented to future possibilities.
• Imaginative and verbally creative.
• Focus on patterns and meanings In data.
• Move quickly to conclusions follow hunches.
• Trust own inspiration.
• Seek to clarify ideas before applying them.

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Decision-Making StyleThinking

• T People
• Look for logical consequences of a choice or
  action.
• Place themselves personally at a distance from
  decisions.
• Examine pros and cons objectively.
• Are energized by identifying whats wrong so they
  can solve the problem.

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Thinker Characteristics

• Analytical.
• Use cause-and-effect reasoning.
• Solve problems logically.
• Strive for objective standard of truth.
• Reasonable.
• Tough-Minded.
• Fair seek equity.

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Decision-Making StyleFeeling

• F People
• Prefer to use feelings in decision-making.
• Consider what is important to self and others
  involved.
• Identify with those affected.
• Base decisions on personal values about honoring
  people.
• Like to praise others.
• Seek to create harmony and to treat each person
  as unique.

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Feeler Characteristics

• Empathetic.
• Guided by personal values.
• Assess effects of decisions on people.
• Strive for harmony and positive Interactions.
• Compassionate.
• Tenderhearted.
• Want everyone treated As unique individual.

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Dealing With Outer WorldJudging

• J People
• Prefer to live in planned, orderly way.
• Seek to regulate and manage own lives.
• Want to make decision, achieve closure, move on.
• Js lives tend to be organized, structured,
  Settled.
• Plans and schedules are important.
• Energized by getting things done.

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Judging Characteristics

• Typical J
• Scheduled.
• Organized.
• Systematic.
• Methodical.
• Make Short/Long Term Plans.
• Want Issues Settled/Decided.
• Avoid Last-Minute Stress.

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Dealing With Outer WorldPerceiving

• P People
• Prefer flexible, spontaneous way of life.
• Prefer to experience and understand life rather
  than attempting to control It.
• Feel confined by detailed plans.
• Uncomfortable with decisions prefer to remain
  open to new information last-minute options.
• Energized by own resourcefulness In adapting to
  demands of the last moment.

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Perceiving Characteristics

• Spontaneous.
• Flexible.
• Casual.
• Open-ended.
• Adaptable willing to change course.
• Keep things loose and open to change.
• Feel energized by last-minute pressure.

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NF,NT,SJ,SP

• Another way to group clusters
• 4 variations rather than 16 so easier to grasp
• NT, NF each 12 of population
• SJ,SP each 38 of population

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Characteristics of preferred jobs

• NT
• Creative
• Logical
• Analytic
• Building new systems
• Powerful
• Big picture

• NF
• Problem solving
• Being appreciated
• Personal/friendly
• Get good feedback
• Work with integrity
• flexible

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Ideal job

• SP
• Create as they go
• High action
• Variety
• Unknown energizes
• Spontaneous
• Playful
• Use humor
• Dont practice

• SJ
• Well defined rules/practices
• Loyalty
• Stable
• Security
• Accuracy valued
• Regular evaluations

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Cautionary NoteMeanings Are Unique To MBTI

• Extraverts Are Not All Outgoing Or Talkative.
• Introverts Are Not All Shy.
• Feeling Does Not Mean Emotional.
• Judging Does Not Mean Judgmental.
• Perceiving Does Not Mean Perceptive.
• Pay Careful Attention To Magnitude Of Scores As
  Well As Direction.
• Do Your Scores Feel Right????

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MBTI Type Matrix
Sensing Intuitive
Introvert ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ
ISTP ISFP INFP INTP
Extravert ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP
ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ

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Group Problem Solving

• Sensing (facts)
• Face facts, be realistic, find out what the
  situation is avoid wishful thinking or sentiment
• Intuition (possibilities)
• Discover all the possibilities put aside idea
  that current way is right way

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Group Problem solving

• Thinking (consequences)
• Impersonally analyze cause and effect,
  consequences, costs, misgivings
• Feeling (human values)
• Weigh how deeply you care about what might be
  gained or lost. Consider others feelings,
  reasonable and unreasonable

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Group Exercise Questions

• Do Members Of Your Group Prefer
• To work problems out alone or talk them through
  with others?
• To have information that is real and measurable
  or to seek patterns and relationships within the
  data?
• To base decisions on careful thought or to
  Include broader concerns about how these
  decisions affect others?
• To live in a careful, well-planned world or to
  take life as it happens?
• Other dominant characteristics???

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Resources

• www.myersbriggs.org
• www.capt.org
• Gifts Differing, Isabel Briggs-Myers (with Peter
  Myers, consulting Psychologist Press, 1990.
• Type Talk, Otto Kroeger Janet M thuesen, Bantam
  Doubleday, 1988.