What is Material Handling?

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What is Material Handling?

• Materials handling is the science and art both
  involving the moving, packing and storing of
  substance in any form, and includes the
  preparation, placing and positioning the material
  to facilitate their movement or storage.

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What is Material Handling?

• (IMMS) International Materials Management
  Society defines the materials handling as
• Materials handling is an art and science
  involving the materials, packaging, and storing
  of substances in any form ".

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INTRODUCTION

• Basic function of materials handling is the
  movement of material.
• Industrial revolution in late 18th and early 19th
  centuries, developed the need of materials
  handling from factory system. The industries,
  supermarket, offices, construction projects and
  the banks - all are engaged in moving things.
• In early days man was physically handling the
  material, however, over a period of years, he has
  started applying mechanical principles like
  lever, wheel, pulley etc.

Cont...
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• Materials handling generally adds significant
  element of cost to a product.
• Materials handling generally costs between 20 to
  35 of the cost of the product.
• Earlier, it was a general belief that most of
  this cost is inevitable and can not be easily
  avoided.
• But now-a-days need for reduction in material
  handling costs through systems approach is being
  realized.
• Not only cost, majority of production time is
  also consumed in handling material before, during
  and after the manufacture.

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• The materials handling time and cost can be
  reduced by proper selection, operation,
  maintenance and layout of these handling devices.
• Materials handling is a prime consideration in
  designing new plants,
• Existing plants can also be modified by the
  application of modern materials handling devices.
  These devices increase output, improve quality,
  speed up the deliveries and therefore, reduces
  the production cost.

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Materials handling
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Movement

• Materials handling involves movements of
  materials mechanically or manually in batches or
  one by one within the plant.
• Movement of materials may be horizontal, vertical
  or combination of both.
• Primary concern of materials handling engineer is
  to find out most efficient manner as to how raw
  materials reach operator and how finished or
  processed articles are removed from the work
  station.
• And also concerned to find out as to how parts,
  materials, and finished products must be moved
  from location to location.

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Time

• Materials must arrive at its place at right time.
• Materials handling must ensure that no production
  process or customer (internal as well as
  external) need is hampered due to late or early
  arrival of material at each location.

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Quantity

• Materials handling must ensure that each location
  continually receives the right quantity of
  materials.

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Space

• Space requirements are influenced by the
  materials handling flow pattern.
• Space is required for storage of raw materials,
  parts and semi-finished or finished products,

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Inefficient Materials Handling

• Reasons
• Back-tracking in material flow.
• Congested aisles.
• Bottlenecks or hindrances in material flow.
• Disorganized storage or piled up material on
  floor.
• Excessive movement.

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Good Handling System

• Advantages
• Better use of the floor space and facilities.
• Increased production due to reduced manufacturing
  cycle time and faster movement of materials.
• Reduced materials handling time and indirect
  labor cost.
• Improved inventory control.
• Less fatigue of workers.
• Reduced inventory in process.

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• Greater industrial safety and elimination of
  accident potential and disruption of work
• Better working conditions.
• Better protection of materials being handled.
• Help in manufacturing the quality standards.
• Improved moral of workers.
• Reduced cost of transportation.

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MATERIAL HANDLING COST

• Materials handling includes following costs
• Materials handling cost cost of handling cost
  of transportation cost of packaging cost of
  space cost of handling equipment including
  operation, maintenance and depreciation etc.

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In any industry materials handling is of
following three types

1. handling of individual part or unit by men,
2. handling in room, department, or plant

Cont..
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• handling of materials during the entire process
  of production and distribution, starting from raw
  material source, going through the factory and
  distribution network to the ultimate customer and
  beyond, to waste disposal and recycling. As shown
  below

Raw material Supplier gt Transportation gt
Receiving -gt Storing gt Issue Manufacturing or
fabrication -gt Packaging gt Shipping Dealer or
Distributors warehouse gt Retailers gt Customer -
Disposal Recycling
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