Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

About This Presentation
Title:

Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War

Description:

Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War Mrs. Heiert US History Wilmot Proviso one of the major events leading to the Civil War, would have banned slavery in any ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:265
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 35
Provided by: Linds86
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War


1
Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War
  • Mrs. Heiert
  • US History

2
Manifest Destiny
  • Sense of mission or national destiny.
  • Believed US had mission to extend boundaries of
    freedom to others by sharing idealism and
    democratic institutionsto those capable of
    self-government (not Native Americans or
    Mexicans)
  • Idea God had determined America should stretch
    from East Coast to Pacific.

3
Reasons behind Manifest Destiny
  • Population Increase
  • Economic depressions1818 and 1839
  • Abundance of cheap (or free) land in West.
  • Expansion offered opportunities for new commerce.
  • People began moving over new trails like Santa Fe
    Trail and Oregon Trail.

4
The results of Manifest Destiny.
5
Indian Removal
  • Jacksons Goal?
  • 1830 ? Indian Removal Act
  • Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) domestic
    dependent nation
  • Worcester v. GA (1832)
  • Jackson John Marshall has made his
    decision, now let him enforce it!

6
Jacksons Goal
  • Used federal power negatively to support the
    relocation of Native Americans to Oklahoma
  • He had a deep prejudice against Native Americans
    and believed that they would prevent white people
    from moving west and opening up land for cotton
    production.

7
Indian Removal Act
  • was passed by the administration of President
    Andrew Jackson.
  • passed by 1 vote.
  • President Andrew Jackson was convinced that the
    only solution to the Indian problem was the
    complete removal of all natives beyond the
    Mississippi and now he had the law with which to
    accomplish it.

8
Cherokee Nation vs GA 1831
  • On December 20, 1828, the state of Georgia,
    fearful that the United States would not effect
    the removal of the Cherokee Nation tribal band
    from their historic lands in Georgia, enacted a
    series of laws which stripped the Cherokee of
    their rights under the laws of the state, with
    the intention to force the Cherokee to leave the
    state.

9
Worcester vs. Georgia
  • Chief Justice Marshall ruled that Georgias
    action was unconstitutional and should not be
    allowed.
  • BUT Jackson and Georgia IGNORED the Supreme Court

10
Indian Removal
11
(No Transcript)
12
Trail of Tears
  • Van Buren ordered 20,000 Cherokees removed west.
  • Rounded them up into camps
  • 2000 died in camps, 2000 on 800 mile journey from
    Georgia to Indian Territory.
  • The migrants faced hunger, disease, and
    exhaustion on the forced march.
  • ¼ people died.
  • Land they did get was inferior to land they had
    before.

13
(No Transcript)
14
The Trail of Broken Treaties (1851-Present)
  • Treaty of Fort Laramiegave Native Americans land
    payments, agreed to boundaries for Native
    American lands.
  • Within years, white settlers were already
    violating.
  • Only first of many broken treaties.

15
Mexican-American War
  • It all starts with Texas.
  • At first Mexicans encourage American settlement.
  • Conflicts over cultural issues, including slavery
  • Americans who live there a rebellious bunchstart
    to clamor for independence.

16
Key Figures in Texas Independence, 1836
Sam Houston(1793-1863)
Steven Austin(1793-1836)
17
The Battle of the Alamo
General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Recaptures
the Alamo
18
Remember the Alamo!
19
Texas Declaration of Independence
20
The Republic of Texas
21
Victory in Texas
  • Santa Anna forced to sign Treaty of Velasco1836.
  • Texas becomes independent.
  • Americans wait ten years to annex Texasbecause
    of issue of slavery and to avoid war with Mexico.

22
Other Foreign Policy Problems
  • Tension with Britainmemories of previous wars,
    criticisms by Britain, creditor of US
  • Conflicts over US helping Canadian rebels
    (Caroline incident)
  • Aroostook War over Maine? compromise over
    boundaries.
  • Conflicts over Oregon
  • 49th or 54,40?
  • More Americans living in territory than British
  • Compromised at 49th parallel despite anger of
    expansionists.

23
Tyler and the annexation of Texas
  • Tyler becomes president in 1841 after Harrison
    dies 4 mos. into presidency.
  • A very unpopular president, seemed more a
    Democrat than a Whig (opposed bank and tariff)
  • Tyler wanted to do something before he left
    office to appease the people.
  • Made sense to annex Texas, plus threats from
    Britain and France.
  • When Democratic Polk wins in 1844, Tyler takes
    that as a mandate to annex Texas.
  • MEXICO ANGRY!

24
The Road to War
  • Polk elected in 1844, many see as mandate for
    manifest destiny.
  • Desire to acquire CaliforniaAmerican settlers
    already living there.
  • Conflicts with Mexico over American claims and
    boundary disputes.

25
The Slidell Mission Nov., 1845
  • Mexican recognition of the Rio Grande River
    as the TX-US border.
  • US would forgive American citizens claims
    against the Mexican govt.
  • US would purchase the New Mexico area for
    5,000,000.
  • US would buy California at any price.
  • REFUSED!

John Slidell
26
The Mexican War (1846-1848)
  • 1846 Polk orders troops to march from the Nueces
    to the Rio Grande.
  • Provoked Mexican Army into firing first
  • Declaration of war despite those who asked for
    spot resolutions (Lincoln)

27
Divisions over War
  • Southerners want warwill expand slavery
  • Northerners oppose it for exact same reason
  • --Anti-slavery groups take the lead

28
The Bear Flag Republic
The Revolt ? June 14, 1845
John C. Frémont
29
The Bombardment of Vera Cruz
30
General Scott Enters Mexico City
US victorySeptember 1847
31
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848
Nicholas Trist,American Negotiator
32
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848
The Treaty was basically forced on Mexico!
  • Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio
    Grande River.
  • Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico.
  • U. S. gave Mexico 15,000,000 and agreed to pay
    the claims of American citizens against
    Mexico (over 3,500,000).
  • MEXICO LOST HALF OF ITS TERRITORY IN ALL!

33
Legacies of Mexican-American War
  • Small warnot many lives lost
  • Gained a ton of land (increased size of US by
    1/3)
  • Prepared military and soldiers for Civil War
  • Led to Mexican resentment
  • Rearoused issue of slavery which would lead to
    Civil War
  • WILMOT PROVISO

34
Wilmot Proviso
  • one of the major events leading to the Civil War,
    would have banned slavery in any territory to be
    acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War or in the
    future, including the area later known as the
    Mexican Cession,
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com