Human%20Origins%20and%20Patterns%20of%20Change - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Human%20Origins%20and%20Patterns%20of%20Change

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Human Origins and Patterns of Change Unit 1 - I will be able to: Describe key scientific findings about human origins List human achievements during the Stone Age ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Human%20Origins%20and%20Patterns%20of%20Change


1
Human Origins and Patterns of Change
  • Unit 1 -

2
I will be able to
  • Describe key scientific findings about human
    origins
  • List human achievements during the Stone Age
  • Describe the emergence of modern humans

3
Archeologists at Work
  • Records cover only the last 5,000 years or so of
    human life on earth.
  • Archaeologists use special skills and tools to
    piece together things older than that

4
Artifacts vs Fossils
  • Artifacts Tools, jewelry, or other objects
    modified by human hands.

Fossils Bones preserved in stone
5
The first hominids originated in Africa more than
3 million years ago. Lucy
  • In 1974, Donald Johanson discovered the
    nearly-complete skeleton of "Lucy"
  • Lucy walked upright, had an opposable thumb and
    was dated back to 3.5 million years BCE

6
Homo Sapiens
  • Homo sapien (wise man) is the name given to
    modern humans.

7
Neanderthal Man
  • The first modern humans, bigger and more powerful
  • Resourceful hunters
  • Had religious beliefs (ritual burials)
  • Vanished about 20,000 years ago

8
Cro-Magnons Emerge
  • Competed with Neanderthals for land and food
  • Had more skill at speaking could plan large
    scale hunts reason for survival?
  • Developed art

9
Early Advances in Art and Technology
  • Nomads- people who move from place to place
  • Hunter-gathers- hunted animals and collected
    plant foods
  • Made spears
  • Digging sticks
  • Stone, bone, wood for tools

10
Beginnings of Agriculture
  • Neolithic revolution-the discovery of agriculture
  • Shift from food gathering to food production

11
Beginnings of Agriculture
  • Slash-and-burn farming- cut down trees and burn
    them to clear fields
  • Ashes fertilize the fields
  • Plant crops for one or two years
  • Move to different field
  • Trees and grass grow repeat

12
Domestication of Animals
  • Domestication- taming of animals
  • Jarmo- birthplace of agriculture
  • Zagros mountains Iraq
  • Wheat, barley, goats, pigs,
  • sheep, horses

13
(No Transcript)
14
WHAT CAUSED IT?
Scientists have some theories to explain the
agricultural revolution
  • Longer growing seasons
  • Drier land to cultivate
  • wild grasses

Rising temperatures worldwide
More FOOD POPULATION
POPULATION CREATES PRESSURE FOR NEW FOOD
SOURCES.
FARMING OFFERS AN ATTRACTIVE ALTERNATIVE
15
Developments Around the World
MEXICO CENTRAL AMERICA Farmers cultivated corn,
beans, squash
CHINA River civilizations Develop a grain
called millet
AFRICA Nile River Valley wheat, barley and other
crops
PERU Farmers in the Central Andes were the first
to grow tomatoes, sweet potatoes, and white
potatoes
16
THE EFFECTS OF THEAGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION?
MAN learns to WORK TOGETHER ?creates surplus of
food
AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
Develop LEADERS RULES OF LAW to settle disputes
CITIES DEVELOP to trade the surplus of food
A DIVISION OF LABOR evolves everyone cannot be a
farmer
  • A WRITING SYSTEM is created to keep track of
    items bought sold

As government services grow, the government must
collect TAXES
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