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Chapter 39 Fish

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... and unpaired fins Hagfish live in oceans Lampreys live in freshwater Hagfishes Bottom-dwellers in cold marine ... fish provides parental care ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 39 Fish


1
Chapter 39Fish
  • Section 2
  • Jawless and Cartilaginous Fish

2
Fish Adaptations
  • Stream-lined body muscular tail
  • Paired-fins allow fish to manuver
  • Secrete mucus around body to help move in water
    and protect against infections
  • Store lipids (fat) to help aid in buoyancy
  • Use gills for gas exchange

3
Homeostasis
  • Freshwater fish hypertonic (higher
    concentration of solutes than the surrounding
    water- gain water)
  • Saltwater fish hypotonic (contain lower
    concentrations of solutes than their
    surroundings- lose water)

4
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5
Sensory Functions
  • Fish can sense light, chemicals, sound
  • Some can sense electrical magnetic fields
  • Many fish can see in color, but most
    cartilaginous fish can not see in color

6
Sensory Functions
  • Chemoreception- ability to detect chemicals in
    the environment
  • Sharks have great sense of smell taste
  • Barbels- whisker-like organs near mouth

7
Barbels
8
Sensory Functions
  • Lateral line- allows fish to sense vibration in
    the water
  • Cartilagenous fish (sharks rays)- ampullae of
    Lorenzini- detect weak electrical fields- help
    locate prey

9
Lateral Line
10
ampullae of Lorenzini
11
Jawless Fishes
  • Hagfish lamprey
  • Have an eel-like body, cartilaginous skeleton,
    and unpaired fins
  • Hagfish live in oceans
  • Lampreys live in freshwater

12
Hagfishes
  • Bottom-dwellers in cold marine water, no jaws
  • Isotonic- same ion concentration as sea water
  • Feed on small invertebrates or dead dying fish
  • Burrow in dead fish consume internal organs

13
Hagfish
14
Lampreys
  • ½ parasites, ½ free-living
  • Attaches to host with disk-shaped mouth
  • After feeding, lampreys drop off host may
    recover, bleed to death, or die from infection
  • Fertilization occurs outside body (external
    fertilization)

15
Lamprey
16
Cartilaginous Fish
  • Class Chondrichthyes
  • Sharks, skates, rays, ratfish
  • Cartilage- flexible, lightweight material made of
    cells surrounded by tough fibers of protein
  • Skin is covered with placoid scales- feels like
    sandpaper

17
Sharks
  • Whale shark- largest shark (60 feet)
  • Feed on plankton floating plants animals
  • Filter water using gill rakers
  • 6 to 20 rows of teeth that point inward

18
Whale Shark
19
Sharks
  • One shark uses 20,000 teeth in a lifetime
  • Each tooth is shaped based-on diet

20
Great White Shark
21
Hammer Head Shark
22
Black-tip Reef Shark
23
Bull Shark
24
Lemon Shark
25
Tiger Shark
26
Rays Skates
  • Flatten-bodies with wing-like pectoral fins and
    whip-like tails
  • Rays have diamond or disk-shaped bodies
  • Skates have triangular bodies
  • Bottom-dwellers
  • Feed on crustaceans

27
Rays
28
Skates
29
Ratfishes
  • Deep-water
  • Have gill slits covered by a flap of skin
  • Some have a rat-like tail
  • Feed on crustaceans or mollusks

30
Ratfish
31
Adaptions
  • Gas exchange in gills
  • Some sharks need to constantly move in order for
    gas exchange to occur
  • Rays usually take in water from ventral side, but
    when on bottom, they use spiracles located behind
    eye to draw in water

32
Adaptations
  • Sharks have an oil in their liver called squalene
    oil that contributes to their buoyancy
  • Convert ammonia to urea which is a less toxic
    waste

33
Reproduction
  • Internal fertilization- male transfers sperm to
    females body
  • No cartilaginous fish provides parental care once
    young are born

34
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35
REVIEW!!!
  • Identify three characteristics of fish that makes
    them well suited to aquatic life.
  • Contrast the feeding behavior of hagfish to the
    feeding behavior of lampreys.
  • Identify the advantages of internal fertilization
    vs. external fertilization.
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