Chapter 21- The US and World War I

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Chapter 3- English Colonies are Created

• English Colonies
• The land had been discovered and explored, now it
  needs to be colonized.
• Chapter Objectives
• 1-To describe how the Jamestown colony became a
  successful settlement
• 2-To identify the Pilgrims and the Puritans and
  where they settled
• 3-To explain how each English colony came into
  being
• 4-To describe what life was like in colonial
  times
• 5-To recognized which colonies made up the New
  England, middle, and southern regions

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Jamestown Colony

• 4 month trip from England to Virginia-in 1607
  Jamestown was established
• Jamestowns Conditions
• Region was swampy and did not have good drinking
  water
• Paid little attention to working and growing
  crops rather finding gold and silver
• Mosquitos carrying malaria and other diseases
• Conditions improve
• Settlers found a leader in John Smith-set up a
  rule that everyone needed to work
• John Smith tried to get along with the Powhatans
• Supplied the starving settlers with corn

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Jamestown Colony

• 1610 three more English ships carrying supplies
  and 150 more settlers arrived
• 3 Important Events took place
• 1-Lord Delaware was made governor
• 2-John Rolfe planted tobacco which allowed them
  to make money off the crop
• 3-John Rolfe married a young Indian women named
  Pocahontas (daughter of the Powhatan chief) which
  improved the settlers and Indians relationship

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Jamestown Colony

• House of Burgesses was formed
• This was a group of people that met to make laws
  for the larger group
• This proved to be the beginning of the
  representative form of government for America

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Pilgrims and the Puritans

• Plymouth Company had rights to settle in Virginia
  however they actually settled in New England
• Pilgrims
• Group of separatists (pilgrims) who did not agree
  with the religious beliefs of King James I
• They wanted to break away from the Church of
  England completely
• They were treated very poorly, and many first
  fled to Holland, but they were not comfortable
  with that setting

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Pilgrims

• What Plan did the Pilgrims make?
• London Company supplied ships and all the
  supplies under 3 conditions
• 1-could settle on the land belonged to the London
  company in Virginia
• 2-settlers would work for 7 years and give all
  the profits back to the investors
• 3-after 7 years they were free to do as they
  wished
• Pilgrims Voyage
• 64 day voyage on the Mayflower
• The ship was blown off course and they landed in
  present day cape cod
• Called their colony Plymouth

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Mayflower Compact

• Mayflower Compact
• Because they landed farther north and where they
  were not chartered, they held a meeting and set
  up their own rules of government
• Elected a leader and agreed to pass laws with the
  majority rule of the group
• This marked the beginning of Democracy in America

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Puritans

• Puritans
• Unhappy with King James I and their religious
  ideas
• Received a charter in the name of the
  Massachusetts Bay Colony
• 1000 teachers, doctors, lawyers, ministers and
  merchants set out on a fleet of 15 ships
• Landed in Boston in 1630
• John Winthrop became the governor of the new
  settlement
• Within a few years the settlement had grown to
  nearly 10,000 settlers

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The English Colonies Grow

• Maryland
• Under new King Charles I Maryland colony was
  created 1632
• Passed the Toleration Act requiring all settlers
  to enjoy religious freedom
• Rhode Island
• Roger Williams spoke out against the strict
  Puritans laws and fled
• Started the of Providence, which is today in
  Rhode Island
• Connecticut
• Another group of Puritans were interested in
  migrating west to the Connecticut Valley
• Thomas Hooker started the colony in 1636

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Other Colonies Settled

• Carolina
• 1663 English nobles requested a charter to settle
  the land of Carolina
• Charleston named after King Charles II became and
  important port
• Political arguments forced the splitting of
  Carolina in 1729 into North and South Carolina
• New York
• New York began in 1609 as a Dutch colony also
  called New Netherland
• English took over the Dutch colony in 1664 and
  renamed it New York

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Other Colonies

• New Hampshire
• This colony was part of Massachusetts for 39
  years until it was sold to the king of England in
  1679
• Pennsylvania
• William Penn was granted a charter
• Penn was a Quaker who believed in equality of all
  people
• Delaware
• 1682 William Penn was also granted the land know
  today as Delaware
• Dutch, Swedes and Finns settled here
• New Jersey
• 1702 New Jersey became a colony
• Georgia
• James Ogelthorpe aske for a charter where the
  poor and unfortunate could settle whey they left
  prison
• 1733 the colonists arrived in what is today
  Savannah Georgia

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13 Colonies Established

• Settlement of the 13 colonies took place between
  1607 and 1733
• Population by the late 1600s was estimated
  around 200,000-300,000

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The Size of the Colonies Increase

• Life in the Colonies
• American Life was taking shape
• Farmers planted crops, merchants sold and shipped
  goods
• Wealthy class of merchants, and large planters
• Middle class of farmers, shopkeepers, artisans,
  and teachers
• Lower class were the unskilled workers,
  indentured servants, and slaves
• Indentured Servant
• Worker who would come to the colonies and have
  their trip paid for, housing and food paid for
• Usually worked for 4-7 years

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3 Colonial Regions

• Northern of New England Colonies
• New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and
  Connecticut
• Shipbuilding, lumbering, fishing, trading, and
  ironworks became their main source of work
• Middle Colonies
• New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware
• Mixed climate which provided grains such as corn
  and wheat
• Called the bread colonies producing large amounts
  of grain
• Southern Colonies
• Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina,
  Georgia, and Virginia
• Warmer climate provided greater growing seasons
  on plantations
• Grew money crops such as rice, tobacco, and
  indigo
• Slave labor was introduced to the wealthy
  plantation owners

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