Introduction to Earth Science

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Introduction to Earth Science

• Created By
• Mr. Kreeger

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Homework and Page References

• Page References
• Text- Pages 3-6
• HW
• 1-5 on page 6, complete handouts
• When do you think science begin support your
  reasoning with concrete examples

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Table of Contents

• Definition of Earth Science
• Branches of Earth Science
• Discussion topics
• Ecology
• Observation and Measurement
• Units of Measurements (handout)
• Exponential Notation
• Observation vs. Inference (handout)

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Introduction Video
Earth Science
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1. Earth Science Defined

• Earth Science is the study of the Earth and the
  Universe around it.

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2. Branches of Earth Science

1. Geology- Study of the origin, history and
   structure of the solid earth and the processes
   that have shaped it.

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Discussion and Ideas associated with Geology

1. Why do we constantly need to find new deposits of
   coal, oil and gas?
2. Why is important to understand volcanoes and
   Earthquakes?
3. Why is it so important to understand the origin
   of fossils?

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2. Branches of Earth Science Cont.

1. Meteorology- The study of the earths atmosphere
   by use of satellites and radar.

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Discussion and Ideas associated with Meteorology

• Why is it so important to make accurate
  forecasts?
• What is a cycle, give some examples?
• Why is it important to find examples in weather
  forecasting or science in general?

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2. Branches of Earth Science Cont..

• c. Oceanography- The study of the Earths oceans.

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Discussion and Ideas associated with Oceanography.

1. Why is it important to investigate the ocean
   floor.
2. Why is it important to look at how water moves
   throughout the oceans, what effect can it have on
   mankind?

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2. Branches of Earth Science Cont..

• Astronomy- Study of the universe beyond the earth
  (oldest branch of Earth Science)

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Discussion and Ideas associated with Astronomy

1. Do you think it is important to venture to other
   planets in the solar system. Justify your
   answer..
2. What do we have to gain by looking and
   understanding comets and asteroids?

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3. Ecology

• This is the study of the complex relationships
  between living things and the environment.
• Parts of the world
• Geosphere- Solid Earth
• Hydrosphere- water
• Atmosphere- Gases that surround earth
• A community of organisms and their environment is
  called and ecosystem largest one is biosphere

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How the Earth has Changed
Changing Earth
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Observation and Measurements

• What are some ways that we observe the world
  around us?
• By use of our 5 senses
• Instruments are used to make our observations
  more accurate. Some examples are
• Balance, thermometers, and meter sticks

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Units of Measurement (Metric Versus American
Units)

• Measurements must have units.
• A NUMBER WITHOUT UNITS IS MEANINGLESS

Basic Units American Metric
Length Foot (ft) Meter (m)
Mass Pound (lb) Kilogram (kg)
Time Second (s) Second (s)
Units Handout
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Exponential Notation

• Useful for working with very large or small
  numbers
• M x 10n (Where M is a number from 1 to 10 but
  cant be 10, and n is a power of 10)
• Ex 1 2500--gt 2.5 x 103 (2.5 x 1000)
• Ex 2 .002500--gt 2.5 x10-3 (2.5 x .001)
• Numbers lt 1 written with negative exponent
• Numbers gt 1 written with positive exponent

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Exponential Notation Practice
Write in exponential Form Write in standard form
61,500 1.09 x 103
0.0000568 4.22715 x 108
321 3.078 x 10-4
64,960,000 9.004 x 10-2
0.07085 5.1874 x 102

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Observation vs. Inference

• Observations are things that actually happened
• Inferences are things that you think are
  happening, or may happen

Obs/ Inf handout