Agenda

1
Agenda

• Bell Ringer (10 mins)
• Homework (10 mins)
• Reading Buddhism Hinduism
• Compare Contrasting Religion Chart
• Video (Mauryan Empire)
• Go Home Reading Mauyan Gupta

2
Study Guide Review

• Strong seasonal wind storm
• Helps to bring the wet dry seasons for the
  crops to grow.
• Mtns Himalyas, Hindu Kush-Kybher Pass
• Rivers Indus and Ghanges
• Mountains protected the Indus Valley from
  invaders kept it isolates
• Bottom of the caste system. The unworthy
• Caste system
• Pariahs

3
21. Indo-Aryan Society
4
Study Guide Review

• 24. Social Hierarchy or Social Class system
• Invaders from central Asia who brought the caste
  system
• a. Khyber Pass
• Caste System
• Harappa Mohenjo-Daro

5
Religions

• Buddhism

• Hinduism

• Founder
• Location it started
• Where and how did it spread
• Important Philosophy
• Ex. Four Noble truths
• Eight Fold Path
• Nirvana

• Founder or God
• Location it started
• Where and how did it spread
• Important Philosophy
• Dharma
• Karma

6
ReligionsWrite in a different color for each
religion.

• Compare

• Contrast

7
Ancient India

• Harappa, the Aryans, and the caste system

8
Match
HUANG MEDITERRANEAN SEA UPPER
NILE JORDAN EUPHRATES NILE DELTA TIGRIS INDUS
MESOPOTAMIA EGYPT KUSH / NUBIANS HEBREWS /
JEWS PHOENICIANS CHINA INDIA
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ReviewWhy did people build there?What are the
advantages of a river valley?

1. Protection
2. Good soil for growing crops

10
Sequence

1. Nomads
2. Oral Language
3. Farming villages
4. Written Language
5. Cities

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Waterfall Foldable

• Layer each sheet of paper on top of each other
  with an half inch layer
• Fold over to create 8 flaps
• Label the flaps
• Indus River Valley Civilization 2500 B.C.E-1500
  B.C.E
• Key Vocabulary
• Patterns of Civilization
• Caste System
• Nomads Cities

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1. Geography (Map of Indus River Valley)
2. Dynasties Mauryan vs. Gupta
3. Religions Buddhism Hinduism

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Patterns of Civilization
Political Social Economic

14
Caste System

• Top of the Flap
• Facts
• Definition

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Key Vocabulary

• Citadel
• Gupta
• Harappa
• Mohjendo-Daro
• Caste system
• Sanskrit
• Vedas
• Mauryan
• Brahmin

• Hinduism

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Patterns of Civilization
Political Pattern Social Pattern Economic Pattern
Strong Government involvement in City planning Grid street mapping Brick cities Public sewer system Citadels Religion Polytheistic Ancient religion Vedas Hinduism Buddhism Traded with people in the region of Mesopotamia between the Tigris Euphrates
Major Ancient (1st) Cities Harappa Mohjendo-Daro Class System Caste System Traded Cotton Wheat Barley Rice Cattle (sheep, pigs, goats)
Leaders Indo-Aryans Gupta Empire Ahsoka the Mauryan Empire Language Pictogram-No Key Sanskrit
17
Harappan Civilization

• one of the earliest civs.to form in the Indus
  River Valley (c. 2600 and 2500 BCE)
• often referred to as the Harappa Civilization
• b/c most of the evidence of the civ. comes from
  the arch. site Harappa.

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Harappan Civilization

• 2 major cities
• Harappa
• Mohenjo-Daro (Mound of the Dead)
• Both carefully planned w/
• Streets at right angles (forms blocks, grid
  pattern)
• Water systems (public restrooms and brick sewers)
• Citadels
• Strong central fortresses in the middle of the
  city.
• City planning implies there was a strong cent.
  govt present in the civ.

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These early Indians were sometimes called
Indus, after the river where they lived, or
Harappan, after their most famous city.
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Harappan Civilization

• Economy
• Agriculture based, produced
• Cotton
• Wheat
• Barley
• Rice
• Cattle (sheep, pigs, goats)
• Harappans traded with people as far away as the
  Tigris-Euphrates River Valley and parts of
  southern Indian.

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Harappan Civilization

• Mysteries
• Language
• Indias first written language was developed
• still not deciphered (figured out)
• Religion
• No temples, shrines, or religious writings have
  been found.
• evidence suggests worship of a mother goddess and
  great god. (POLYTHEISTIC!)
• Fall of the Civilization
• Not sure exactly why the civ. disappeared.
• Could be from invaders or natural disasters
• Ended in the 1700s BCE

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Here is what the city of Harappa may have looked
like.
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(No Transcript)
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The city of Mohenjo Daro
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They had streets just like a modern city
And city blocks just like a modern city.
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They had sewers to keep their cities clean too!
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meanwhile, in Europe, many of our ancestors
were still living in crude huts!
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Maybe one day you will be the one who cracks the
code
The people of the Indus valley could write too,
but we dont know how to read their writing!
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The Indo-Aryans

• Arrived in India in the 2000s BCE
• Probably came through the Khyber Pass
• Originally from the area around the Caspian Sea
  in Western Asia

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Nomads to CitiesDevelopment of Civilization

• Developed farming villages in the Indus River
  Valley
• Pictograms
• Polytheistic

Settled near River Valleys

• Vedic Age (1500 BCE to 500 BCE)
• Origins of Hinduism
• Developed the Caste System
• Developed Sanskrit writing
• Skilled metal workers and warriors

Brick Cities Public sewer system
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Indo Aryans

• Nomads
• Cattle Herders (mainly sheep)
• Also skilled warriors
• Horse drawn chariots made them a even more
  formidable force to recon with. (Remember the
  Hyksos?)
• With advanced weapons and skills they were able
  to conquer northern India

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Indo-Aryans The Vedic Age

• The Period of Aryan domination in India is known
  as the Vedic Age (1500 BCE to 500 BCE)
• It is named after the Aryan religious books
  called the Vedas.
• Written (originally only spoken) in Sanskrit
• Source of most of the information we have about
  the Aryan society.

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Indo-Aryans

• Religion
• Gods drawn from nature
• No temples
• Meat and dairy offered as ritual sacrifices
• Had special priests called Brahmins
• They preformed religious ceremonies.
• Forms the base for the religion of Hinduism

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Indo-Aryans

• During the Vedic Age the foundations for Hinduism
  were established
• The social structure of the Aryan peoples had a
  long lasting effect of the people of India
• Problems with discrimination based on the caste
  system still exist today, even though the system
  has been outlawed.

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Hinduism is one of the FIVE major religions of
the world.
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Just as a man discards worn out clothes and puts
on new clothes, the soul discards worn out bodies
and wears new ones.
Hindus believe in Reincarnation
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Hindus believe in Karma
If you do good things, good things will happen
to you if you do bad things, bad things will
happen to you.
If you are a jerk in this life
you might pay for it in the next life.
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Hindus believe in One God, with many forms.
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Religion Hinduism

• Hindu
• Location India
• Brahma One god in many forms
• Type of Religious belief Monism
• 1 in many forms
• Beliefs
• Reincarnation Die and comeback
• Circle of life
• Karma You get back what you give
• Moksha Enlightenment
• Holy Book
• Vedas Upanishads

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Buddhism

• Founder Siddhartha Gautama
• Started in India spread throughout Asia
• Beliefs
• Reincarnation
• Four Noble Truths
• 8 Fold Path

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Buddhism
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Buddhism is one of the FIVE major religions of
the world.
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A Hindu prince, Siddhartha Gautama, is born in
India. It is his destiny to become a great
leader one day so his father, the king, makes
sure that the prince has the best of everything.
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The king makes sure that Siddhartha has the best
of everything!
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But then, one day, Siddhartha goes beyond the
walls of his palace and sees suffering for the
first time!
?
old man, a sick man, a dead man and a monk
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Prince Siddhartha realizes that, sooner or later,
he will grow old, get sick , and die so all his
wealth doesnt really mean anything!So he
gives up everything and goes out to seek the
meaning of life.
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He sits under the bodhi tree, until he achieves
enlightenment, becoming the Buddha (The
Enlightened One).
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Four Noble Truths
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Eightfold Path to Enlightenment
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(No Transcript)
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Unlike Hinduism, Buddhism is very simple. Unlike
Hinduism, Buddhism teaches that anyone can
achieve enlightenment (Nirvana) and eternal
happiness. Unlike Hinduism, Buddhism teaches
that people can achieve Nirvana in this lifetime.
Who do you think liked the ideas of Buddhism best?
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Buddhist monk
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Buddhist nun
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Indian King Asoka Maurya and his missionaries
spread Buddhism from India to China and other
parts of Asia.
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(No Transcript)
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Ahsokas Mauryan Empire also
Built veterinary clinics
Unified India
Free hospitals
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Ahsokas Mauryan Empire also
Built roads
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Images of India Today