Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

1
Berlin Wall and Berlin Airlift

• Jamie Marrs
• Cara Glatfelter
• Paige Riddle

2
Berlin Wall

• Major Dates
• June 24,1948 - Stalin imposed a land blockade of
  Berlin to separate the communists from the
  democrats. Russia didn't want its section getting
  any ideas about running away. The first fence was
  made of barbed wire, which was ineffective due to
  peoples large desire to escape.

3
Berlin Wall

• When was it built?
• August 13, 1961 - Germans began a hasty,
  desperate, yet effective building of the actual
  stone wall to keep Easterners east and Westerners
  west. It was highly effective and there were
  watchtowers and guards stationed at all of the
  places where escape would be easiest.
• 1965 - the actual wall was built 100 yards
  inward, parallel. The strip between the walls was
  dug down and coated with gravel. It was called
  the Death Strip because many people tried to jump
  to freedom, but fell to their deaths in the pit.

4
Berlin Wall

• Who built it?
• The Russians that controlled the area decided to
  block off Western Berlin from the communist
  Eastern. The Berliners did not agree with this,
  as many families were split apart, and people
  were tortured for trying to escape through the
  border.

5
Berlin Wall

• End Result
• November 9, 1989
• Minister of Propaganda declares
• that private trips abroad could
• be made from eastern to western
• Germany. In the following days thousands of
  families flocked the watch towers where the
  control guards didn't know how to handle the
  people, and what the restrictions on crossing
  were. The massive flood of citizens was too much
  to contain, and they broke through, forever
  ending the division of the city.
• October 3, 1990 -The political conclusion of the
  wall. The wall had fallen, and the reuniting of
  Germany began.

6
YouTube Video!

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v4FfeF_KZENI

7
Berlin Airlift/ Blockade

• Major Dates
• June 21, 1948 - Air Force Lieutenant General
  Curtis LeMay gave a mandate to supply West Berlin
  on June 26
• June 24, 1948 - the Russians instituted a land
  blockade of the American, British, and French
  sectors. They only had enough coal for 45 days
  and food for 36 days. Without goods brought to
  them, they would soon run out. Few believed the
  needs of 2,250,000 people could be met by air
  transport and the outlook for the success of this
  effort was bleak.

8
Berlin Airlift/ Blockade

• What was used and how much of it?
• First, C-47's with a two and one-half (2 ½) ton
  capacity were used
• Later, C-54's that carried ten (10) tons were
  used
• 4,500 tons a day of coal, food, and other
  supplies was the minimum needed to keep the city
  going
• Allied planes landed 12,941 tons in one
  twenty-four (24) hour period, with planes landing
  every 61.8 seconds
• 1,592,787 tons of supplies total was brought into
  Berlin this is equal to the weight of 80,000
  whales!

9
Berlin Airlift/Blockade

• Who was involved?
• Russia refused to
• allow food in to the
• Western Zones of Germany
• they used hostility and
• repression to gain control of the Berlin police
• Western Zone - the Western zone was dependent on
  supplies shipped in by rail and truck
• America - The Berlin Airlift was called
  "Operation Vittles" by the Americans, and the
  Americans airlifted goods in

10
Berlin Airlift/ Blockade

• End Result
• The West Berliners continually
• fought off Soviet attempts to
• take them over because it was
• obvious the airlift could go on forever
• May 1949, the airlift had become so damaging to
  the Communists that Stalin was forced to back
  down
• May 12, 1949 - the Soviets called off the
  blockade but
• American and British flights still supplied the
  city until
• September 1949 in case Russia changed their
  minds

11
Pictures Works Cited

• (Pic. Pg 1)
• http//www.google.com/imgres?imgurlhttp//novaonl
  ine.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/Photos/Russia/BerlinWall.jp
  gimgrefurlhttp//novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/h
  is135/Assignments/Paragraph1.htmlusg__CAjVVNj2fg
  UY72h6jVC6Q208z80h308w550sz113hlenstart
  2um1itbs1tbnidEpf0FLZIj_PeOMtbnh74tbnw1
  33prev/images3Fq3DBerlin2Bwall26um3D126hl
  3Den26sa3DN26rlz3D1I7ADBS_en26tbs3Disch1
• (Pic. Pg 2)
• http//www.google.com/imgres?imgurlhttp//scrapet
  v.com/News/News2520Pages/Everyone2520Else/images
  -4/berlin-wall-falling-3.jpgimgrefurlhttp//scra
  petv.com/News/News2520Pages/Everyone2520Else/pag
  es-4/Millions-celebrate-lousy-construction-of-Berl
  in-Wall-Scrape-TV-The-World-on-your-side.htmlusg
  __0DX5oLXs4wh-Y-XorOiuDHutNu4h303w400sz18h
  lenstart6um1itbs1tbnid3Z9M6fBnjwfvFMtbn
  h94tbnw124prev/images3Fq3DBerlin2Bwall26u
  m3D126hl3Den26sa3DN26rlz3D1I7ADBS_en26tbs
  3Disch1
• (Pic. Pg 3) http//247things.files.wordpress.com/2
  009/11/berlin-wall.jpg
• (Pic. Pg 4) http//www.thefinestwriter.com/blog/wp
  -content/uploads/2009/11/the-most-memorable-photos
  -of-the-fall-of-berlin-the-wall-2.jpg
• (Pic. Pg 5) http//www.dailysoft.com/berlinwall/xg
  raphics/archive/maps/berlinmap_01.jpg
• (Pic. Pg 7) http//www.dhm.de/sammlungen/gifs/samm
  lungen/bildarchiv/IV/schirner/19957.jpg
• (Pic. Pg 8) http//iconicphotos.files.wordpress.co
  m/2009/04/berlin_airlift.jpg
• (Pic. Pg 8) http//www.clker.com/clipart-24989.htm
  l
• (Pic. Pg 9)
• http//www.google.com/imgres?imgurlhttp//www.tru
  manlibrary.org/whistlestop/BERLIN_A/TOON6.JPGimgr
  efurlhttp//www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/BER
  LIN_A/CARTO_12.HTMusg__nQ1qqxjH9VGi3-vB7YKQRAe0Z
  KQh486w473sz129hlenstart5itbs1tbnid
  DOcBBEDLHG5QRMtbnh129tbnw126prev/images3Fq
  3Dberlin2Bairlift26hl3Den26tbs3Disch1
• (Pic. Pg 10) http//www.google.com/imgres?imgurlh
  ttp//www.konnections.com/airlift/Candy01.jpgimgr
  efurlhttp//www.konnections.com/airlift/autograph
  .htmusg__jd4TNdCCpHQRc9GElzgk7PS_cS0h494w54
  8sz76hlenstart21itbs1tbniduMGodsjN3egEkM
  tbnh120tbnw133prev/images3Fq3Dberlin2Bai
  rlift26start3D2026hl3Den26sa3DN26ndsp3D20
  26tbs3Disch1

12
Works Cited

• "Berlin Airlift." Gale Encyclopedia of U.S.
  History War. Ed. Anne Marie Hacht and Dwayne D.
  Hayes.
• Detroit Gale, 2008. Student Resource Center -
  Gold. Web. 25 May 2010.
• "Berlin Airlift." United States History. Web. 24
  May 2010. http//www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1758.h
  tml.
• "Berlin Wall." Berlin Life Travel Guide
  Berlin Apartments Hotels Restaurants Bars Pubs
  and
• Shops Berlin Germany. Web. 25 May 2010.
  lthttp//www.berlin-life.com/berlin/wallgt.
• "The Berlin Airlift and NATO ." Ushistory.org.
  Web. 24 May 2010. http//www.ushistory.org/us/52d.
  asp.
• "The Berlin Airlift, June 24, 1948-May 12, 1949."
  DISCovering U.S. History. Online ed. Detroit
  Gale,
• 2003. Student Resource Center - Gold. Web. 25
  May 2010.