Title: Higher Geography
1Higher Geography
http//www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/learning/learningzon
e/clips/7811/
2(No Transcript)
3(No Transcript)
4(No Transcript)
5(No Transcript)
6(No Transcript)
7Task Using a local map try to identify the site
factors for Peebles.
8(No Transcript)
9(No Transcript)
10The influence of geology on our
landscape Duration 0442 Modern digital terrain
model technology is transforming our perceptions
of geology and the influence of rock type on both
the physical and human landscape.
http//www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/learning/learningzon
e/clips/7771/
11Task - Copy these notes
Site and Situation The location and growth of an
settlement depended upon its site and situation.
The site was the actual place where people
decided to locate their settlement. The growth of
that settlement then depended upon its situation
in relation to accessibility and availability of
natural resources.
-
- Site Factors
- Bridging point
- Dry point
- (away from flood risks)
- Nodal point
- Defensive
- Wet point
- (reliable water supply)
- building materials
- (stone or wood)
- fertile land
- shelterered from winds
12Barcelona's Site and Situation
Barcelona's Site and Situation
Task Using Google Earth or an Atlas try to confirm the following for Barcelona's Site and Situation Task Using Google Earth or an Atlas try to confirm the following for Barcelona's Site and Situation
Site Situation
Hill for defence Reliable water supply for drinking and power Fertile farmland Flat land for building Sheltered by hills to the north South-facing slope Natural harbour Construction material Bridging point Port Route Centre Limestone quarries Close to wealthy NW European markets
13(No Transcript)
14(No Transcript)
15(No Transcript)
16(No Transcript)
17Function of settlements
RURAL 19th Century (MEDC) 20th Century (MEDC) 20th Century (LEDC)
Market - Farming Mining Administration Administration
Route Centre Manufacturing Manufacturing Market - Farming
Small Service Town Route Centre Route Centre Route Centre or port
Defensive Religious Service Mining
Dormitory and Overspill Trade / Commerce Commercial Commercial
Cultural / Religious Service
Resort / Recreation
Residential
New Towns
18Classification of Settlements
19(No Transcript)
20(No Transcript)
21(No Transcript)
22Central Place Theory
- Central Place Theory suggests that there is a
pattern in the distribution and location of
settlements of different sizes, and also, in the
ways in which they provided services to people
living within their sphere of influence. - The ideal shape for the sphere of influence of a
central place is circular, as then the distance
from it to all points on the boundary is equal. - BUT circles leave some areas without services
and some are served by more than one central
place. - Hexagons are used instead in order to fully (and
equally) cover the whole area.
23Central Place Theory
24(No Transcript)
25Urbanisation
- Urbanisation is an increase in the proportion of
people living in urban areas (towns and cities). - On a world scale this has happened twice
- In MEDCs during the 19th century due to
industrialisation. - In LEDCs since the 1950s due to a high natural
increase and migration from rural to urban areas.
26Terminology
- Urbanisation Growth of cities and towns
- Suburbanisation People and industries move out
to the edge of towns and cities - Counter-urbanisation Movement of industry and
people to small settlements outside urban areas. - Re-urbanisation The movement of industry and
people back into urban areas (left abandoned
after industrial closure or suburbanisation)
27Worlds Largest Cities - 2006
28Most populated urban areas
29Task
- Answer the following questions
- 1 Describe the location of the worlds major
cities. - 2 Describe how the location of the worlds
largest cities has changed between 1900 and 2000.
30Counterurbanisation
- Urbanisation is now in decline in some MEDCs and
has been replaced by counterurbanisation. - People are now moving back out of cities to rural
areas because of problems such as crime,
unemployment, traffic congestion and social
problems such as vandalism. - Many people still work in the city but live in
the cleaner environment of the countryside. For
example in dormitory towns and commuter
settlements.