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A Troubled Europe

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A Troubled Europe 1923 to 1928 Aims of ... reduced reparations and gave Germany US loans Last French and Belgian troops left the Ruhr in August 1925 Gustav Stresemann ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: A Troubled Europe


1
A Troubled Europe
  • 1923 to 1928

2
Aims of the lesson
  • By the end of the lesson you will
  • Understand why international relations
    deteriorated in 1923
  • Evaluate the importance of the Kellogg-Briand and
    Locarno pacts

3
Background
  • 1921 to 1923 Germany suffered huge economic
    problems
  • In debt from the war lost industry
  • Reparations July 1922 Germany said she could
    not afford to pay in 1923 and 24
  • Amount had been reduced twice
  • Germany was having problems paying but she was
    really trying it on.

4
The occupation of the Ruhr
  • In January 1923 Belgium and France lost patience
    and invaded the Ruhr
  • Ruhr heart of German industry
  • Would take over the industries and use the
    profits to pay off reparations
  • Germans passive resistance going on strike
    and working slowly
  • The German economy collapsed

5
The collapse of the German economy
  • Printed more money to pay reparations lost its
    value
  • Bread 4 marks in 1921 1.5m marks in 1923
  • 1924 Dawes Plan reduced reparations and gave
    Germany US loans
  • Last French and Belgian troops left the Ruhr in
    August 1925

6
Gustav Stresemann
  • August 1923 Stresemann became Chancellor of
    Germany
  • Determined to rebuild the reputation of Germany
  • Had persuaded the USA to set up the Dawes Plan
  • Wanted to make Germany a normal country as
    opposed to a defeated enemy

7
The Locarno Pact
  • Let Germany join the League of Nations
  • Seven countries signed the pact France, Italy,
    Germany, Britain, Czechoslovakia Belgium and
    Poland
  • Countries agreed to respect their common borders
    and to go the League of Nations if there were any
    disputes

8
The Kellogg Briand Pact
  • Signed by 61 countries said that war was wrong
    and they would find peaceful ways of solving
    their problems
  • Signed 27th August 1928 in Paris
  • USA did not sign it but it was drawn up by their
    foreign minister (Frank Kellogg) and the French
    foreign minister (Briand)
  • Nice idea but after 1929 put own national
    interests first
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