Title: ICEBERG: From POTS to PANS Anthony D. Joseph Randy H. Katz UC Berkeley
1ICEBERG From POTS to PANS Anthony D.
JosephRandy H. KatzUC Berkeley
Bridge to the Future
S. S. 7
- IBM Summit
- January 7, 1999
- http//iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu
Cellular Core Network
2Its the Services, Stupid!
- Today, the telecommunications sector is
beginning to reshape itself, from a vertically to
a horizontally structured industry. It used
to be that new capabilities were driven primarily
by the carriers. Now, they are beginning to be
driven by the users. Theres a universe of
people out there who have a much better idea than
we do of what key applications are, so why not
give those folks the opportunity to realize them.
The smarts have to be buried in the
middleware of the network, but that is going to
change as more-capable user equipment is
distributed throughout the network. When it does,
the economics of this industry may also change. - George Heilmeier, Chairman Emeritus, Bellcore
- From POTS to PANS Telecommunications in
Transition
3Important Trends
- Multimedia / Voice over IP networks
- Lower cost, more flexible packet-switching core
network - Simultaneous delay sensitive and delay
insensitive flows (RSVP, Class-based Queuing,
Link Scheduling) - Intelligence shifts to the network edges
- User-implemented functionality
- Programmable intelligence inside the network
- Proxy servers intermixed with switching
infrastructure - TACC model Java code write once, run
anywhere - Rapid new service development
- Speech-based services
- Implications for cellular network infrastructure
of the 21st century? - High BW data (384 Kb/s-2 Mb/s) Reliable Link
Protocols
4ICEBERG Internet-based core for CEllular
networks BEyond the thiRd Generation
- The Challenge
- Developing service intensive, network-based,
real-time applications - Securely embedding computational resources in the
switching fabric - Providing an open, extensible network
environment heterogeneity - Computing
- Encapsulating legacy servers and partitioning
thin client functionality - Scalability 100,000s of simultaneous users in
the SF Bay Area - High BW IP backbones plus diverse access networks
- Different coverage, bandwidth, latency, and cost
characteristics - Third generation cellular systems UMTS/IMT2000
- Next generation wireless LANs Bluetooth
- Home networking DSL / Cable modem
5ICEBERG Project Goals
- Demonstrate ease of new service deployment
- Packet voice for computer-telephony integration
- Speech- and location-enabled applications
- Complete interoperation of speech, text,
fax/image across the four Ps PDAs, pads,
pagers, phones) - Mobility and generalized routing redirection
- Demonstrate new system architecture to support
innovative applications - Personal Information Management
- Universal In-box e-mail, news, fax, voice mail
- Notification redirection e.g., e-mail, pager
- Home networking and control of smart spaces,
sensor/actuator integration - Build on experience with A/V equipped rooms in
Soda Hall
6ICEBERG Project Goals
- Understand the implications for cellular network
design based on IP technology - Cellular / IP interworking functionality
- IP network provisioning for scalability
- Soft QoS for delay-sensitive flows
- Multinetwork mobility and security support
- Understand how to
- Encapsulate existing applications services like
speech-to-text - Deploy and manage such computationally intensive
services in the network - Integrate other kinds of services, like mobility
and redirection, inside the network
7Project Approach
- Understanding three key research areas
- Cellular / IP integration
- Mobility Management
- Wireless link management
- Packet Scheduling in GPRS and W-CDMA
- Reliable Link Protocols
- Proxy- and Multicast-Enabled Services
- Speech / Information dissemination
- ProActive Infrastructure NINJA
- Computing resources spread among switching
infrastructure - Computationally intensive services e.g.,
voice-to-text - Service and server discovery
- Security, authentication, and billing
8Internet-Scale Systems Research Group
Personal Information Management and Smart Spaces
Distributed Videoconferencing
Room-scale Collaboration
Speech and Location Aware Applications
ICEBERG Computer-Telephony Services
MASH Media Processing Services
TranSend Extensible Proxy Services
Active Services Architecture
Distributed Computing Services NINJA
Computing and Communications Platform
Millennium/NOW
9Transparent Information Access
Speech-to-Text Speech-to-Voice Attached-Email Call
-to-Pager/Email Notification Email-to-Speech All
compositions of the above!
Policy-based Location-based Activity-based
10Cellular / IP Integration
- Integrating a GSM BTS with an IP core network
- Mapping IP signaling to SS7 radio management
- Call admission and handoff
- Mobility management interworking
- Mobile IP uses home agent / foreign agent
- GSM uses Home Location Register / Visiting
Location Register - Handoff between Mobile IP and GSM networks
- Scalability, security of Mobile IP?
- Generalized redirection agents
- User- or service-specified dynamic policy-based
redirection - 1-800 service, email to pagers, etc.
- Service mobility as a first class object
11GSM BTS-IP Integration
Interactive Voice Response
Uses OM TRAFFIC to simulate BSC, MSC, and HLR
functionality
Infocaster
NetMeeting
VAT
PC
2 TRX
Control Signaling
Internet
IP-PAD
Signaling
UPSim
RBS 2202
Thor-2
E1
GPC board
Ethernet
Traffic
E1 Voice _at_ 13kb/s Data _at_ 12kb/s
GSM Phone
Performs rate adaptation function of ZAK/TRAU
PSTN
H.323 GW
12Potentially Any Network Service (PANS)
Same service in different networks Service
handoff between networks
2-way Paging
PSTN
GSM/CDMA
- Iceberg Access Points (More than gateways)
- Provide policy engine
- Handle routing, security
IAP
E.g., follow me service E.g., any-to-any service
High BW IP core Diverse access links
13Service Mobility as aFirst-Class Object
Universal Names Globally unique IDs
Randy_at_Berkeley
OfficePSTN (Teaching) 510-642-8778 OfficePSTN
(Chair) 510-642-0253 DeskIP dreadnaught.cs.berke
ley.edu555 LaptopIP polo.cs.berkeley.edu555 PCS
510-555-8778 Cellular 510-555-1998 E-mail
randy_at_cs.berkeley.edu Home 415-555-5555
An Entity has a universal name and a profile
Entities are people or processes
Profile set of domain-specific names
14Wireless Link Management
- Modeling GSM media access, link, routing, and
transport layers - Validated ns modeling suite and BONES simulator
- GSM channel error models from Ericsson
- QoS and link scheduling for next generation links
- High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD), General
Packet Radio System (GPRS), and Wideband CDMA
(W-CDMA) - RSVP signaling integration with bottleneck link
scheduling - Reliable Link Protocols
- Wireless links have high error rates (gt 1)
- Reliable transport protocols (TCP) interpret
errors as congestion - Solution is ARQ protocol, but retransmissions
introduce jitter
15New Services
- Encapsulating complex data transformations
- Speech-to-text, text-to-speech
- Composition of services
- Voice mail-to-email, email-to-voice mail
- Location-aware information services
- E.g., traffic reports
- Multicast-enabled information services
- Multilayered multicast increasing level of
detail as number of subscribed layers increase
16Simulated Ninja Environment
- Speech is the ubiquitous access method
- Access from millions of phones (analog to digital
cellular)
17Interactive Voice Response to A/V Devices
Application
- First application Controlling A/V devices
- Next application Personal Information Mgmt (PIM)
A/V Devices
Path
Room Entity
Text to Command
ICSI Speech Recognizer
Audio
Text
Cmd
Microphone Cell phone
Response to Client
18Conclusions and Status
- IP-based backbone for cellular networks
- Mobility and service interoperability in the
context of diverse access networks - Performance issues GPRS scheduling and IP
scaling for mobile telephony applications - New services Smart Spaces and PIM
- Large-scale testbed deployment is progressing
- Automatic path creation
- Service handoff Passing metadata across/through
networks - IVR More applications and devices (WindowsCE)
- Service location and discovery
- RLP implementation in IP-PAD