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Ages and Stagesof
Child Development
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Growth vs Development

• Growth A childs physical increase in size
  or amount that is easily observed.

Development The ability of a child to do things
that are complex and difficult.
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Stages of Development

• Infancy birth - 12 months
• Toddler 12 months - 3 yrs.
• Preschool 3 yrs. - 6 yrs.
• School Age 6 yrs. - 12 yrs.
• Adolescents 13 yrs. - 18 yrs

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Infancy
Physical Development Born with strong reflexes
and ALL five senses. Later develop eye-hand
coordination large motor skills.
Intellectual Development As infants are awake
more, they notice to world. Follow objects with
eyes. During 8-12 months they develop object
permanence.
Social Development By 3 months they smile. By 7
months they recognize familiar and unfamiliar
faces. First signs of fear.
Emotional Development Infants develop trust of
caregivers that are caring for her every day.
5
Toddlerhood
Physical Development Begin to walk and run
(gross motor skills) and maybe feed and dress
themselves (fine motor skills).
Social Development Begin to parallel play-
playing alongside other children but not with
them. They want to do everything themselves!
Emotional development Develop an I can do it
attitude. Strong emotions that can change
quickly.
Intellectual Development Communication skills
improve talking, can talk about space and size.
Moral Development They can begin to understand
the difference between right and wrong.
6
Preschool years
Physical Development Begin to hop, ride
tricycle, run with a stride, play simple games.
Small motor skills develop further.
Social Development Begin cooperative play
playing WITH groups of children. Begin to learn
to share.
Moral Development Sense of right and wrong
become more concrete. They understand rules as
right and wrong and do not like when someone
doesnt follow those rules.
Emotional Development
Become less self-centered and show empathy for
others. Full range of emotions.
Intellectual Development Learn to count,
identify colors, recite ABCs, and begin to use
imagination.
7
School-Age Years
Physical Development Rate of growth slows down.
Baby teeth are replaced with permanent ones.
Continued development of fine motor skills make
handwriting and drawing more precise.
Intellectual Development They ask lots of
questions and acquire reasoning. Learn to read
and do simple
arithmetic.
Moral Development Begin to understand that rules
are flexible. Care about what others think.
Emotional Development Outgrow preschool fears.
More prone to feelings of stress from school or
family issues.
Social Development Have more social
opportunities outside of the family. Form peer
groups. Learn to cooperate.
8
Adolescence
Intellectual Development
Physical Development
Onset of puberty triggered by hormones. Body
changes to take on characteristics of a man or
woman.
Able to imagine the consequences of different
actions and reason other options. Can think
abstractly and form personal judgments.
Emotional Development Moods swings are common.
Struggle between desire for independence and
desire for others to continue caring for them.
Social Development
Moral Development Knows the difference between
right and wrong, but feels pressure to go with
the crowd.
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Special Needs
The patterns of developed we have discussed
outline typical development. But, everyone is
unique and does not follow typical development
exactly like this.
Physical Disabilities
Learning Disabilities
Emotional Problems
Mental Disabilities
Disabilities that limit movement, vision, or
hearing? Examples?
Disability affects the ability to understand and
use language. Could be problems with reading,
spelling, or math.
May be indicated by withdraw from activity.
Could exhibit anger or depression.
Affect intellectual development and every day
skills.