U.S. History Chapter 11

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U.S. HistoryChapter 11

• Lecture Notes

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Early Stages of the War

• 1. Abraham Lincolns call for this sparked the
  secession of the rest of the southern states.
• Volunteers to enlist
• 2. Capital of the Confederacy after the secession
  of Virginia.
• Richmond, Virginia
• 3. Site where the first shots of the Civil War
  were fired.
• Fort Sumter (Charlestown, South Carolina)
• 6. Union Armys plan for winning the Civil War,
  incorporated the capture of Richmond, cutting
  the Confederacy in half via capture of the
  Mississippi River, and a Naval Blockade of
  southern ports.
• Anaconda Plan

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Advantages and Disadvantages of both sides

• 4. Enjoyed the advantage of larger population,
  more industry, more miles of Railroad, greater
  food production, stronger Navy, and more skilled
  political leadership.
• The North
• 5. Enjoyed the advantage of better generals, a
  profitable staple crop in Cotton, a more
  militaristic population, and having only to
  defend itself in order to win the war.
• The South

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Major Civil War Battles

• 7. First major Battle of the Civil War,
  Confederate Victory, Confederates missed an
  opportunity to march their army on Washington
  D.C.
• Battle of First Bull Run
• 9. Bloody Battle that gave the Union Army control
  of the Tennessee River Valley, cutting off much
  of the Mississippi River to the Confederacy.
• Battle of Shiloh
• 14. Displayed the brilliance of Robert E. Lee and
  prevented the Union Army from capturing
  Richmond.
• Seven Days War (Wilderness Campaign)
• 15. Widely regarded as the Bloodiest day of the
  Civil War, Lincoln used this Union victory to
  issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
• Battle of Antietam
• 27. Considered the Turning Point of the Civil
  War, 50,000 dead,crippled the Confederate Army.
• Battle of Gettysburg
• 28. Battle that led to the Union Armys control
  of the Mississippi River.
• Seige of Vicksburg

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Progress Quiz 16

• 76. Which of the following would have been
  considered the first shots of the American
  Civil War?
• A. Siege of Fort Sumter
• B. Battle of First Bull Run
• C. Battle of Gettysburg
• D. Siege of Vicksburg
• 77. Which of the following describes the Union
  Armys strategy for winning the Civil War it
  involved capturing Richmond, blockading southern
  ports, and controlling the Mississippi River?
• A. The Schlieffen Plan
• B. The Fourteen Points
• C. The Anaconda Plan
• D. The Marshall Plan

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Progress Quiz 16 (cont.)

• 78. Which of the following enjoyed the advantage
  of more experience generals, a valuable cash crop
  in Cotton, and a more martial society from which
  to draw soldiers?
• A. North
• B. South
• C. West
• D. East
• 79. Which of the following enjoyed the advantage
  of more railroad and telegraph lines, a much
  larger population, and more skilled political
  leadership?
• A. North
• B. South
• C. West
• D. East

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Progress Quiz 16 (cont.)

• 80. Which of the following Civil War battles is
  regarded as the turning point because of its
  affect on the Confederate Army and the impending
  end of the conflict?
• A. Battle of Antietam
• B. Battle of Cold Harbor
• C. Battle of Shiloh
• D. Battle of Gettysburg

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Progress Quiz 16 Answers

• A
• C
• B
• A
• D
• Any Questions?

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Heroes of the Confederacy

• 13.Commander of the Army of Northern Virginia,
  the principal army of the Confederacy.
• Robert E. Lee
• 8. Celebrated as a Confederate Hero for his
  efforts at the Battle of First Bull Run, he was
  later killed by one of his own men at the
  Battle of Chancellorsville.
• Thomas Stonewall Jackson

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Heroes of the Union Army

• Ulysses S. Grant commanded Union forces in the
  West at the Battles of Shiloh and Vicksburg, he
  later commanded the Army of the Potomac in the
  East and implemented a policy of Total War
  against the Confederacy.
• 10. Led the Union forces that captured the City
  of New Orleans.
• David Faragut
• 30. Led the infamous March to the Sea that
  resulted in the burning of Atlanta.
• William T. Sherman

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New Changes on the Battlefield

• The Rifle-Barreled Musket and the Minie Ball
  (pointed bullet more familiar to us today) turned
  the Civil War Battlefield into a bloody mess.
• 11. Innovative, new, armor-plated, steam- powered
  battleships of the Civil War (U.S.S. Monitor and
  the C.S.S. Virginia).
• Ironclad Battleships
• 12. Legendary confrontation between two Civil
  War ironclads off the coast of Virginia that
  changed the nature of Naval Warfare forever.
• Monitor vs. Merrimac

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The Game Changer

• Abraham Lincolns reason for denouncing secession
  and waging the Civil War was Preservation of the
  Union.
• 16. Presidential proclamation that freed the
  slaves in any recaptured Confederate territory.
  Did not free slaves in Confederate- held
  territory or the Border States. Did make
  possible the enlistment of African American
  soldiers in the United States Army.
• The Emancipation Proclamation
• The Emancipation Proclamation encouraged slaves
  to run away from the plantations, which tied up
  Confederate Resources. It ended up be more of a
  military tactic than anything else.
• Shifted the focus of the War towards the
  abolition of slavery.

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The Politics of the Civil War

• 18. Foreign policy of Great Britain toward the
  Civil War.
• Neutrality
• 19. Incident that nearly caused the British to
  enter the Civil War on the side of the
  Confederacy. A U.S. warship boarded a British
  ship and arrested two Confederate diplomats.
• Trent Affair
• 20. The government cannot arrest someone without
  informing them of their charges and allowing
  them to contact someone. This right was
  suspended in Maryland by Abraham Lincoln to
  prevent secession.
• Suspension of Habeas Corpus
• 21. Term describing Northerners who were
  sympathetic to the cause of the Confederacy,
  most supported a treaty that would end the war
  with slavery intact.
• Copperheads
• 17. States that remained in the Union, but
  featured a small slave population (Maryland,
  Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri).
• Border States

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Progress Quiz 17

• 81. Which of the following command the Union
  Armies in the western theatre early in the Civil
  War, then was promoted to command of the Army of
  the Potomac and implemented a policy of Total War
  in 1864?
• A. Robert E. Lee
• B. Thomas Stonewall Jackson
• C. William T. Sherman
• D. Ulysses S. Grant
• 82. Which of the following commanded the infamous
  March to the Sea that epitomized the policy of
  Total War and culminated in the burning of
  Atlanta?
• A. Robert E. Lee
• B. Thomas Stonewall Jackson
• C. William T. Sherman
• D. Ulysses S. Grant

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Progress Quiz 17 (cont.)

• 83. Which of the following best describes
  President Abraham Lincolns reason for waging the
  Civil War and opposing secession?
• A. Abolition of Slavery
• B. The immediate termination of slavery
• C. To arrest opponents of abolition
• D. To preserve the Union
• 84. Which of the following shifted the nature of
  the Civil War from a war to preserve the union to
  a war to abolish slavery?
• A. The Monroe Doctrine
• B. The Emancipation Proclamation
• C. The Declaration of Sentiments
• D. The Communist Manifesto

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Progress Quiz 17 (cont.)

• 85. In order to prevent the secession of Maryland
  and the loss of Washington D.C. President Abraham
  Lincoln suspended which of the following rights
  and arrested pro-secession politicians?
• A. Trial-by-jury
• B. Habeas Corpus
• C. Free Legal Council
• D. Miranda Rights

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Progress Quiz 17 Answers

• D
• C
• D
• B
• B
• Any Questions?

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Impact of the Freed Slaves

• 23.54th Massachusetts, Served in segregated
  units commanded by white officers, served
  mainly in non-combat roles.
• African American Soldiers

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Other issues related to the Civil War

• 22. Caused violent riots in New York City during
  the Civil War.
• The Draft (Conscription)
• 24. Designed to help pay for the Civil War by
  tapping into the wealth of the population. Tax
  on Income.
• An Income Tax
• 25. Superintendent of Women Nurses during the
  Civil War, best known for her work with the
  mentally ill.
• Dorothea Dix
• 26. Worst of the Civil War Prison Camps.
• Andersonville

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Lincoln explains the reasons for fighting the
Civil War and what he hoped the outcome would be.

• 29.Lincolns speech dedicating the cemetery at
  Gettysburg, for many people it reshaped their
  perception of the United States and the purpose
  of the war.
• The Gettysburg Address
• No longer did people say that the United States
  are (implying the plurality of the individual
  sovereign states), but the United States is
  (implying a singular, unified entity).

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An end to the Civil War

• 31.Site of the final surrender of Lees Army to
  Ulysses S. Grant, represented the end of the
  Civil War.
• Appomattox Court House
• Grant, at Lincolns request, began the process of
  Reconciliation by allowing the Confederate
  soldiers to keep their horses and firearms.

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The Final Casualty

• 35.Assassinated President Abraham Lincoln as
  part of a larger plot to assassinate key figures
  in the United States government. He was the
  only one who succeeded.
• John Wilkes Booth

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Other Outcomes of the Civil War

• 32. Act of Congress that set up a system of
  federally chartered banks, set requirements for
  loans, and provided for banks to be inspected.
• National Bank Act of 1863
• 33. Amendment to the United States Constitution
  that abolished slavery.
• Thirteenth (13th) Amendment
• 34. Organization that provides relief during
  times of disaster, the American chapter was
  founded by Clara Barton in 1881.
• The American Red Cross

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Progress Quiz 18

• 86. Which of the following measures was taken by
  Abraham Lincoln in order to tap into the wealth
  of the population to help finance the Civil War?
• A. Conscription
• B. Habeas Corpus
• C. Income Tax
• D. Ex Post Facto
• 87. Which of the following speeches, made by
  Abraham Lincoln, reshaped the perception of the
  nation and the reasons for waging the Civil War?
• A. I have a dream
• B. Emancipation Proclamation
• C. Ask not what your country can do..
• D. The Gettysburg Address

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Progress Quiz 18 (cont.)

• 88. Which of the following was the site of the
  final surrender of Robert E. Lees army,
  essentially ending the American Civil War?
• A. Gettysburg
• B. Appomattox Court House
• C. Bull Run Creek
• D. Vicksburg
• 89. Which of the following assassinated President
  Abraham Lincoln as a part of a larger plot to
  assassinate the Vice President and Secretary of
  State as well?
• A. James Earl Ray
• B. Lee Harvey Oswald
• C. Charles Guiteau
• D. John Wilkes Booth

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Progress Quiz 18 (cont.)

• Which of the following amendments to the United
  States Constitution abolished slavery?
• A. 13th
• B. 14th
• C. 15th
• D. 19th

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Progress Quiz 18 Answers

• C
• D
• B
• D
• A
• Any Questions?

• Please fill in the letter A for the remaining
  10 questions on your Answer Sheet.