INDIGENOUS%20KNOWLEDGE%20SYSTEMS%20POLICY:%20VISION%20AND%20GOALS%20FOR%20AN%20INDIGENOUS%20KNOWLEDGE%20SYSTEMS%20POLICY%20FOR%20SOUTH%20AFRICA - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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INDIGENOUS%20KNOWLEDGE%20SYSTEMS%20POLICY:%20VISION%20AND%20GOALS%20FOR%20AN%20INDIGENOUS%20KNOWLEDGE%20SYSTEMS%20POLICY%20FOR%20SOUTH%20AFRICA

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INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS POLICY: VISION AND GOALS FOR AN INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS POLICY FOR SOUTH AFRICA Mogege Mosimege Indigenous Knowledge Systems Unit – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: INDIGENOUS%20KNOWLEDGE%20SYSTEMS%20POLICY:%20VISION%20AND%20GOALS%20FOR%20AN%20INDIGENOUS%20KNOWLEDGE%20SYSTEMS%20POLICY%20FOR%20SOUTH%20AFRICA


1
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS POLICY VISION AND
GOALS FOR AN INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS POLICY
FOR SOUTH AFRICA
  • Mogege Mosimege
  • Indigenous Knowledge Systems Unit
  • Technology for Development Programme
  • Department of Science and Technology
  • Presentation made to the Arts and Culture
    Portfolio Committee on 09 November 2004

2
HISTORY AND BACKGROUND OF IKS IN SOUTH AFRICA
  • Audit of Indigenous Technologies between 1996 and
    1998 Portfolio Committee instrumental in the
    support and advancement of IKS
  • Involvement of the CSIR and 9 Universities in the
    Audit Each university conducted its own
    Provincial Workshop to report on its findings
  • First National Workshop on IKS at University of
    North West September 1998 (jointly organized by
    the Portfolio Committee, DACST, and the CSIR
    Supported by other stakeholders)

3
IKS IN DST
  • Establishment of Ministerial task team to Draft
    Legislation and Policy on IKS in 1999
  • Delegations by Task Team to India and China in
    1999 2000 to learn about IKS in the two
    countries
  • Provision of ring-fenced funding to the NRF for
    research in IKS since 2000
  • Establishment of Unit dedicated to IKS within the
    Department of Science and Technology in 2001

4
OBJECTIVES OF THE IKS UNIT
  • Undertake an intra and extra departmental audit,
    as well as an audit of international IKS
    activities and processes.
  • Actively participate/engage in regional and
    international IKS activities
  • Actively co-ordinate national IKS interventions
    and projects and link relevant ones to
    international efforts
  • Developing and implementing IKS legislation,
    policy and strategy
  • Providing mechanisms and infra-structure for the
    codification, documentation and preservation of
    IKS
  • Promoting research, monitoring and evaluation of
    IKS
  • Promoting and developing IKS within the National
    Systems of Innovation
  • Providing mechanisms for the development and
    management of IKS database

5
IKS POLICY
  • Key Policy Drivers 4
  • IKS and the National Systems of Education and
    Innovation
  • Stakeholders and Role Players in IKS
  • Institutional Framework
  • IKS Funding and Principles
  • National and International Imperatives
  • Role of various Government Departments and the
    Intergovernmental Committee on IKS

6
KEY POLICY DRIVERS IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN CONTEXT
  • Affirmation of African cultural values in the
    face of globalisation
  • Development of the services provided by
    Indigenous Knowledge Holders and Practitioners
  • Contribution of indigenous knowledge to the
    economy
  • Interfacing with other knowledge systems

7
Key Driver 1 Affirmation of African cultural
values in the face of globalization
  • Redress
  • The recognition and protection of indigenous
    knowledge and IKS in South Africa for cultural
    reasons .
  • Knowledge institutions created during the
    apartheid era and before it are still in the
    process of being transformed to give expression
    to an African intellectual personality.
  • The Policy seeks to creatively advance the course
    of IKS within the context of complex economic,
    social and cultural rights.

8
Globalisation
  • With South Africas re-entry into the global
    arena, there are both opportunities and
    challenges for the prudent management of IKS.
  • An indicator of the serious effect of
    globalisation is the rapid attrition of language
    diversity across the world.
  • IKS policy framework places great emphasis on the
    promotion of international linkages in IKS from
    the perspective of sharing best practice and
    commitment to common objectives

9
Key Driver 2 Development of Services Provided by
Traditional Healers
  • In Africa up to 80 of the population uses
    traditional medicine to help meet their health
    care needs.
  • According to WHO, the most important issues
    affecting the practice of traditional medicine
    fall into four categories (i) National policy
    and regulatory frameworks, (ii) Safety (iii)
    Efficacy and (iv) Quality, Access,and Rational
    Use.
  • There is a need to intensify RD work in this
    area, particularly as it relates to recording the
    IKS and supporting traditional healers on safety
    and accessibility.

10
Key Driver 3 Contribution of Indigenous
Knowledge to the economy
  • In South Africa IKS are owned by and provide
    services to disadvantaged people who are prone to
    unemployment.
  • Consideration is given to the role that IKS can
    play in employment creation, poverty alleviation
    and technology transfer.
  • In deploying the economic potential of IKS, three
    main factors are considered the creation of
    incentive mechanisms to promote IKS innovation
    the promotion of IKS in the context of
    sustainable development, the promotion of IKS as
    an employment creator.

11
Key Driver 4 Interfacing with other knowledge
systems
  • International trade in genetic resources involves
    high economic stakes today eg. the sale of drugs
    based on traditional medicines alone amounts to
    over US 32 billion a year.
  • From the perspective of national competitiveness,
    systems of knowledge that are less accessible to
    others offer a potential competitive advantage.
  • Documentation processes critical to ensure that
    other countries do not benefit unfairly from IKS
    that is in the public domain without appropriate
    benefit sharing mechanisms

12
IKS AND THE POLICY POSITION ON THE NATIONAL
SYSTEM OF ED AND INNOVATION FOR SOUTH AFRICA 
  • The policy emphasizes the importance of the
    integration of IKS in Education and the necessity
    for the closer working relations between DST and
    DOE on IKS and the curriculum.
  • Although it would be ideal for IKS to become
    holistically integrated into mainstream
    Innovation Systems, a first step would be to
    ensure the development of adequate government
    intervention on behalf of IKS, in establishing
    the infrastructure .

13
STAKEHOLDERS AND ROLE PLAYERS IN IKS
  • Role of the Private Sector-capacity building
    developments
  • Role of Traditional Leaders -recognition afforded
    by the Constitution and other legislation
    unfolding in South Africa
  • Role of IKS Holders- holders of core competencies
    and knowledge, includes local farmers, elders,
    traditional healers, etc.
  • Role of Women in IKS -as repositories of a large
    part of IK . It is envisaged that the SA
    Reference Group on Women in ST will create a
    focal point on Women and IK.

14
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
  • A National Office on IKS -as a possible precursor
    to an IKS regulatory mechanisms, initially housed
    at DST.
  • A National Advisory Committee -to support the
    department in policy analysis as well as in
    respect of advice on all matters on IKS.

15
RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER STRUCTURES
  • Organizations not working directly on IKS but
    playing a related role
  • - NACI
  • - CIPRO
  • Research Institutions
  • - Science Councils (NRF, CSIR, MRC, HSRC, etc.)
  • - Universities
  • IKS Trusts
  • - iIKSSA

16
THE PRINCIPLES FOR FUNDING IKS
  • It is recognised that IK system outputs and IK
    policy objectives are strongly facilitated by
    appropriate funding instruments.
  • Funding in research is to receive priority.
  • Establishment of the IKS Fund

17
IKS FUNDING
  • Allocation of ring-fenced funds to the NRF since
    2000
  • Review of the IKS activities at the NRF in March
    2004
  • DST and NRF to meet soon to explore the
    recommendations of the Review Panel and determine
    the way forward.
  • iIKSSA Seed funding since 2002/2003 Financial
    Year

18
INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL IMPERATIVES
  • Integrating IKS Policy with other national
    Policies.
  • Protection of IKS- in terms of intellectual
    property rights
  • Institutional Infrastructure- WIPO, ARIPO, OAPI

19
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS IN IKS
  • There is an increasing international trend
    towards recognizing the value of IK and the
    advantages it provides.
  • BRAZIL, INDIA and the PHILIPPINES (and other
    countries) recognize, respect and protect
    indigenous community's rights with respect to
    traditional knowledge associated to genetic
    resources.
  • The World Intellectual Property Organization
    (WIPO) has organized a series of meetings of the
    Intergovernmental Committee (IGC) on Intellectual
    Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional
    Knowledge and Folklore 7 Meetings have taken
    place, the 7th Meeting taking place in Geneva,
    Switzerland from 01 05 November 2004.
  • In March 2004 the Africa Group made a proposal
    about the principles and elements of an
    international instrument on intellectual property
    at the Intergovernmental Committee (IGC) on
    Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources,
    Traditional Knowledge and Folklore at the World
    Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

20
INVOLVEMENT OF OTHER GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS
  • Department of Trade and Industry
  • Department of Arts and Culture
  • Department of Agriculture
  • Department of Health
  • Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism
  • Department of Education
  • Department of Foreign affairs
  • Department of Land Affairs
  • Department of Provincial and Local Government
  • Department of Water Affairs and Forestry
  • Department of Sports and Recreation
  • Interdepartmental Committee on IKS has been in
    place since 2002

21
IKS DEVELOPMENTS IN DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS
  • DOH Traditional Health Practitioners Act
  • DEAT Biodiversity Act
  • DPLG Traditional Leadership and Governance
    Framework Bill
  • DTI IKS and IPR Policy
  • DST Project on Development of a Traditional
    Medicines Database for South Africa IKS and the
    Curriculum Project in the North West Province
  • MRC Mapping of Traditional Healers in South
    Africa, starting with Kwazulu-Natal

22
CAPACITY BUILDING AND HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
  • Development of IKS Human Resource Capacity
  • Links with the National Innovation strategy
  • Equity through redress
  • Public understanding and awareness of of IKS

23
ESTABLISHMENT, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF
IKS 
  • Databases
  • Role of Libraries
  • Museums
  • Oral forms of IK
  • IKS Laboratories
  • IKS Centres

24
CONCLUSION
  • IKS offers many opportunities to SA and its
    people
  • - Poverty Reduction
  • - Innovation in various fields
  • - Competitiveness
  • SA has already made progress in developing IKS
    related legislation. The Policy will help to
  • - coordinate focus of initiatives
  • - create appropriate linkages
  • - lead to improved impact
  • IKS Policy will guide and add to regional,
    continental and international collaborations and
    initiatives, e.g. SADC, NEPAD, IBSA
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