Title: Ch. 16: Section III: Dutch, French, and English Colonies (Pages 372-376)
1Ch. 16 Section III Dutch, French, and English
Colonies(Pages 372-376)
- This section is about
- How the development of Dutch, French, and English
colonies impacted Native American ways of life. - How the commercial revolution in Europe affected
global domination.
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2- Just by looking at the title of this section, you
probably already know some of the things in this
section. - Look at the map on page 375 you knew this, but
match up the languages spoken today to the
countries which settled the Americas. - On the Main Ideas (372) Lets at least look at
the groups of people in this section. - There was a lot of risk at exploring and setting
up colonies many people you dont hear about
failed or even died.
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3The Dutch Colonies
- Before the 1600s Spain was the only country
doing much in the Americas. - The Netherlands, France, and England were busy
fighting wars. - In the early 1600s, they also decided they
wanted land in the Americas.
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4Dutch Interests
- The Dutch became the worlds strongest navy in
the 1600s (often fighting Spain and Portugal). - They really wanted to take over Portugals world
trading power. - They eventually took over their eastern trade
(and Brazil in 1624) and started building
colonies there and in the Caribbean.
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5The Dutch in North America
- In 1609 Henry Hudson was hired to find a water
route through North America. - He first sailed up a river in the center of the
continent today its the Hudson River. - He claimed this area for the Netherlands (New
Netherlands). - Its biggest settlement was New Amsterdam for
fur traders on whats now Manhattan Island. - The colony was interested in profits more than
religion, so Catholics, Protestants, Muslims, and
Jews all settled there. - The English ended up capturing the colony in 1664
and changed its name to honor its Duke of
York.
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6Manhattan / New York City Then and Now
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7French Settlements in the Americas
- France was slow coming to the Americas.
- They came a little to whats now Canada.
- The best know French explorer (Samuel de
Champlain) founded Quebec in 1603. - He fought the Natives at times, but encouraged
the fur trade and brought missionaries to convert
the Native Americans.
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8Colonizing New France
- New France became a province in 1663.
- But this was Iroquois land and they didnt want
to share with the French (and they didnt want to
become Christians). - The French kept pushing and exploring into the
Great Lakes region and then down the Mississippi
River. - They called this territory Louisiana (after King
Louis XIV). - They couldnt get many French to settle there
(too cold and too many Native American attacks). - Most settlers were young men who were fur traders
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9French West Indies
- The French also began settling in the Caribbean
(14 islands). - They mostly grew sugar cane there (with help from
African slaves). - They also had a class system
- Native French
- merchants
- sailors/pirates
- small farmers
- hired workers from France
- slaves
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10The English in North America
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- John Cabot claimed the North Atlantic Coast for
England in 1497. - They were interested in North America, but were
also busy fighting the Spanish (and the Spanish
Armada). - After finally defeating them (in 1588), they
concentrated more on North America. - English reasons for North America
- To get rich
- Find a new trade route to India
- Have religious freedom
- Better economic opportunities
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11Early English Colonies
- Jamestown (1607) was the first successful English
colony in North America. - King James gave the Virginia Company a charter to
settle there. - But there were problems
- Many settlers died from disease.
- They built the settlement on a swamp.
- Settlers were more interested in looking for gold
than growing food (but eventually growing
tobacco). - .
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12- Jamestown was the first European representative
government in the Americas. - They also brought the first enslaved Africans to
the Americas. - Another English settlement was Plymouth Colony
(in New England in 1620). - Many people call these people the Pilgrims
- These people are responsible for the Mayflower
Compact - where they immediately agreed to a new
government in their new home. - There are journals of the Pilgrims we know they
also suffered and many died, and that they
learned how to survive with the help of the
Native Americans.
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13Thirteen Colonies
- By the 1700s, there were 13 colonies in North
America (often farming). - Eventually, the various areas were specializing
- New England poor soil and tough weather, so
they fished and built ships (lots of trees). - Middle Colonies mild climate and good soil so
they became farmers, but also good rivers and
harbors for trade (Boston, N.Y., Philly,
Baltimore) - Southern Colonies great place to grow tobacco,
rice, and indigo, but needed slaves to help on
the farms.
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14Native Americans
- The Dutch, French, and English (like the
Spanish) all messed up the Native Americans
lives. - Disease also killed many of these natives.
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15Sharing Land
- The Dutch mostly wanted to trade and open
markets, so they left Native Americans alone more
(not even forcing them into Christianity). - France tried to trade furs with the Native
Americans, so as long as they didnt get out of
control, that could be okay. - The English had the biggest impact on native
Americans although at first they did try
working together (like Massasoit and the
Wampanoags helping the Pilgrims)
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16King Philips War
- When more English colonists came, they wanted
more land. - Thats when Native Americans began to worry about
their freedom and way of life. - Massasoit died and his son (King Philip) became
chief. - He wanted the English to stop expanding their
land claims. - So they started attacking settlers and the
English attacked back. - By 1676, most Native American resistance to the
English had stopped.
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18The Commercial Revolution
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- This was a time in history (even just in Europe
at first) that trade, industry, and banking were
starting to grow. - Discoveries in the Americas helped push this
revolution along. - Gold and silver discoveries signaled the start of
a money based economy (and not just trade)
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19Rising Prices
- Spanish gold and silver discoveries led to higher
prices for just about everything. - So the Spanish decided to buy things from other
countries and their gold/silver went there. - Then, their prices for things went up.
- In some places, prices for things doubled and
tripled. - This is called inflation.
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20Overseas Investments
All the people who invest in the company share in
the profits and risks so theyre called
shareholders
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- All this trade led to the growth of capitalism
(investing money and expecting/hoping to get a
profit). - Many European investors thought they could best
make money in the Americas. - Overseas investments are risky though so they
came up with a new idea the joint stock
company. - Joint stock companys combine many investors
together where you can invest in bigger things
(but share a profit or share a loss if the
investment goes bad)
Finish the rest on your own
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(people who put money into a company)
21This is the last slide for today
Make sure page "H" is completed
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