IMPERIALISM AND THE UNITED STATES; EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES

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IMPERIALISM AND THE UNITED STATESEXPANSION OF
THE UNITED STATES

• SSUSH14 The student will explain Americas
  evolving relationship with the world at the turn
  of the twentieth century.

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USA IMPERIALISM, EXPANSION

• b. Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in
  the Philippines, and the debate over American
  expansionism.
• c. Explain U.S. involvement in Latin America, as
  reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the
  Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama
  Canal.

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USA IMPERIALISM, EXPANSION

• The student will understand that when there is
  conflict between or within societies, change is
  the result.
• Why did American expansionism during the turn
  of the century result in the Spanish-American War
  and the war in the Philippines?
• Why did the creation of the Panama Canal lead
  to the Roosevelt Corollary?

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IMPERIALISM DEFINED

• 1. Most commonly it is understood in relation to
  Empire building, as the expansion of a nation's
  authority by territorial conquest establishing
  economic, military, and political powers in other
  territories or nations.
• 2. POLICY OF EXPANSIONISM

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• 3. The term also describes the imperialistic
  attitude of superiority, subordination, and
  dominion over foreign people

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REASONS-CAUSES OF IMPERIALISM BY USA

• 1. GLOBAL COMPETITION FOR COLONIES
• 2. DESIRE FOR MILITARY STRENGTH
• a.Alfred T. Mahan, U.S. Navy, 1890, 3 in the
  world
• 3. DESIRE FOR MARKETS
• a.Needed raw materials for factories and markets
  for goods
• 4. BELIEF IN CULTURAL SUPERIORTY
• a.Racial superiority of Anglo-Saxons

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• ANGLES, SAXONS, JUTES

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ACQUISITIONS OF THE USA, 1867-1899

• 1.ALASKA, 1867, FROM RUSSIA
• 2.HAWAII, 1887, ANNEXED BY USA BUILT PEARL
  HARBOR NAVAL BASE, LATE 1800S
• 3.PUERTO RICO, GUAM, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, 1898,
  AFTER SPAINS DEFEAT IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
• 4.SPLENDID LITTLE WAR, JOHN M. HAY

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GENERAL CAUSES OF THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR,
APR-AUG, 1898

• 1.FIGHT FOR FREEDOM IN CUBA AGAINST SPAIN
• 2.SPANISH GENERAL V. WEYLER USED EXCESSIVE FORCE
  AGAINST CUBANS
• 3.AMERICAN PRESS SENSATIONALIZED THE SPANISH
  ATROCITIES
• 4.RELIGIOUS GROUPS SUPPORTED INTERVENTION
• 5.BUSINESSMEN WANTED WAR FOR MORE MARKETS AND
  GLORY
• 6.POPULAR SUPPORT FOR WAR

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IMMEDIATE CAUSES OF THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR

• 1.DE LOME LETTER FROM SPANISH FOREIGN MINISTER
  CRITICAL OF USA PRESIDENT MCKINLEY
• 2.SINKING OF U.S.S. BATTLESHIP, MAINE, IN HAVANA,
  CUBA, HARBOR
• (REMEMBER THE MAINE, TO HELL WITH SPAIN!)
• 3.USA PLACED DEMANDS ON SPAIN, MAINLY, A FREE
  CUBA
• 4.SPAIN REFUSED DEMANDS. USA DECLARED WAR BUT NOT
  TO GET CUBA.

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THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR IN THE PHILIPPINES

• 1. 1ST BATTLE OF WAR, NOT CUBA
• 2. BATTLE OF MANILA BAY, 4.1898
• 3. U.S. NAVY ADMIRAL, GEORGE DEWEY DEFEATED SPAIN
• 4. AMERICANS AND FILIPINOS DEFEATED SPANISH,
  8.1898
• 5. FILIPINO LEADER, EMILIO AGUINALDO

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BATTLE OF MANILA BAY
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THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, CARIBBEAN SEA

• 1. USA NAVAL BLOCKADE, CUBA
• 2. ROUGH RIDERS, USA VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, LED BY T.
  ROOSEVELT, DEFEATED SPAIN
• 3. BATTLES OF KETTLE AND SAN JUAN HILL
• 4. USA INVADED PUERTO RICO, 7.1898
• 5. ARMISTICE, CEASE-FIRE AGREEMENT,
• 8.1898
• 6. TREATY OF PARIS, 12.1898

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TREATY OF PARIS, 1898, RESULTS OF
SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR

• 1. SPAIN FREED CUBA
• 2. USA RECEIVED GUAM AND
• PUERTO RICO
• 3. USA RECEIVED PHILIPPINES
• AND PAID SPAIN 20 MILLION
• 4. USA ACQUIRED EMPIRE.

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DEBATE ABOUT EMPIRE AND USA IMPERIALISM

• 1. CONTROVERSY OVER TAKING PHILIPPINES
• 2. PRESIDENT MCKINLEY, EDUCATE, UPLIFT,
  CHRISTIANIZE
• 3. OTHERS, VIOLATED DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE,
  DENIED SELF-GOVT
• 4. BLACKS, B.T. WASHINGTON, SETTLE RACE ISSUES IN
  USA, OTHER PLACES LATER
• 5. FILIPINOS WOULD COMPETE FOR AMERICAN JOBS
• 6. FOR-MCKINLEY AGAINST-G. CLEVELAND, J. ADDAMS
• A. CARNEGIE, MARK TWAIN

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USA INVOLVEMENT IN LATIN AMERICA

• 1. LATIN AMERICA, ALL LAND S. OF THE RIO GRANDE
  RIVER (BORDER OF TEXAS AND MEXICO)
• 2. MONROE DOCTRINE, EUROPE, STAY OUT OF W.
  HEMISPHERE
• 3. ROOSEVELT COROLLARY, 1904
• (COROLLARY-statement which follows readily from a
  previously proven statement. )
• a. USA HAD RIGHT TO USE INTERNATIONAL POLICE
• FORCE IN W. HEMISPHERE TO PROTECT ECO.
• INTERESTS
• b. SPEAK SOFTLY, AND CARRY A BIG STICK YOU WILL
  
• GO FAR. TEDDY ROOSEVELT

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PANAMA CANAL

• 1. PANAMA, PROVINCE OF COLOMBIA
• 2. 1ST ATTEMPT AT BUILDING, FRANCE
• 3. USA SUPPORTED PANAMANIAN REVOLT AGAINST
  COLOMBIA, 11.1903
• 4. PANAMA/USA TREATY TO BUILD CANAL AND PAY RENT
  (USA)
• 5. USA SUPPORT OF PANAMA RESULTED IN DAMAGED
  LATIN
• AMERICAN RELATIONS

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THE PHILIPPINE-AMERICAN WAR

• 18991902 (official duration)18991913
  (unofficial duration due to guerrilla action)
• AKA, THE PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION

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• An insurgency, OR INSURRECTION, is a violent
  internal uprising against a sovereign government
  that lacks the organization of a revolution.

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• The Philippine-American War was an armed military
  conflict between the United States of America and
  the First Philippine Republic, which arose from
  the Filipino political struggle against U.S.
  occupation of the Philippines.

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PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION

• REBEL LEADER EMILIO AGUINALDO
• BELIEVED USA PROMISED INDEPENDENCE
• USA PLAYED SAME ROLE AS SPAIN
• AMERICAN SOLDIERS VIEWED FILIPINOS AS INFERIORS
• MANY BLACKS FOUGHT IN THE PHILIPPINES
• 20,000 FILIPINO DEATHS, 4000 AMERICAN DEATHS
• RESULT PHILIPPINE ISLANDS WERE VIEWED AS A
• GATEWAY TO ASIA, ESPECIALLY CHINA, THE
• SICK MAN OF ASIA

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FILIPINO REBELS
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FILIPINO REBEL SOLDIERS
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