USING GIS FOR ENDANGERED SPECIES ANALYSIS

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USING GIS FOR ENDANGERED SPECIES ANALYSIS
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USING GIS FOR ENDANGERED SPECIES ANALYSIS

• Federal TES (threatened and endangered species)
  in Indiana
• Need for Analysis
• Data sources
• Analysis Tools
• Analysis Examples
• Communicating Results

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Federally Threatened and Endangered Species in
Indiana
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Federally Listed Birds
Interior Least Tern
Piping Plover
Bald Eagle -- Delisted
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Federally Listed Insects
Karner Blue Butterfly
Mitchells Satyr Butterfly
Wild Blue Lupine
Fen
American Burying Beetle
Hines Emerald Green Dragonfly
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Federally Listed Bats
Gray Bat
Indiana Bat
Indiana Bat Habitat
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Federally Listed Mussels
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Federally Listed Reptiles
Copperbelly Water Snake
Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake
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Federally Listed Plants
Lesquereuxs Mustard (Shorts
Bladderpod) cliffs, calcareous rock
Dune (Pitchers) ThistleGreat Lake Dunes
Meads Milkweed tall grass prairie or glade
Shorts Goldenrod glades, wood edges
Prairie White-fringed Orchid prairies and fens
Running Buffalo Clover woodlots, parks, trails
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Need for Analysis

• Research
• Section 7 Consultation (Federally listed only)
• Planning and Management of Development and/or
  Mitigation in Natural Areas

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Data Sources
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Data Locating Species

• Indiana Natural Heritage Database (IDNR,
  Division of Nature Preserves)
• USFWS, Field Office
• Investigators from universities or agencies
  listed in research literature
• Local/Regional biologists, naturalists, and land
  managers
• Suitable habitat (land cover layers, aerial
  photographs)
• Field survey in coordination with USFWS

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Data Field Survey

• GPS
• Sampling locations
• Digital photograph locations
• Telemetry
• GIS
• survey planning
• Random sample points
• Results analysis
• Accuracy Assessment

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Data Digital Base Layers

• Indiana GIS Atlas (INDOT, BLA, IGS)

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Data Digital Base Layers

• Indiana Spatial Data (IU)

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Data Digital Base Layers
Indiana View (GloVis)
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Data Digital Base Layers

• County/City Online Maps and Data (IGIC)

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Data Digital Base Layers

• Geospatial Data Clearinghouses
• Forest Service
• U. S. Department of Agriculture
• Fish and Wildlife Service
• National Hydrography Dataset
• Information Data
• Agriculture Statistics
• Demographic Statistics

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Creating Spatial Data

• GPS Data Collection
• Digitizing Hardcopy
• Summarizing Tabular Information with a spatial
  component
• Creating data from coordinates

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Creating Spatial Data

• Interpolating Grids from Sample Points
• Photo Interpreting Aerial Photography
• Remote Sensing
• METADATA, METADATA, METADATA!!!!!

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Analysis Software and Tools
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Landscape Analysis
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Movement Analysis Home Range

• Animal Movement Analysis
• Home Range, Path Analysis, Location Analysis
• Spatial Tools
• Population Viability Analysis
• creates life tables and evaluates the probability
  of extinction in the face of variation.
• Oceanographic Analyst

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Point Data Analysis

• Stratified Interpolation
• Generates Reference Map
• Analysis of Map Similarity
• Capture Point Value
• Generate Random Points

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Other Tools

• Alternate animal movement routes
• Nearest Features
• Matched Features Distance/Azimuth
• Random points
• Weighted Means
• Convex Hulls
• Grid, Surface Area, Slope Tools
• Mahalanobis Distances

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Wildlife Corridors

• Corridor Design ArcCatalog
• HSI, Corridor Models, DEMs to slope position
  raster
• Corridor Evaluation ArcMap
• Compares widths and bottlenecks, distance between
  patches, statistics

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Landscape Habitat Suitability Models for 21
Species

• Ovenbird
• Prairie warbler
• Henslows sparrow
• Hooded warbler
• Cerulean warbler
• Yellow-breasted chat
• Pine warbler
• Worm-eating warbler
• Wood thrush
• Wild turkey
• Ruffed grouse
• American woodcock
• Northern bobwhite
• Gray squirrel
• Black bear
• Bobcat
• Red bat
• Northern long-eared bat
• Indiana bat

• USFS Northern Research Station
• http//www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/1865
• Journal of Wildlife Management. 2007. 71(2)
  668-670

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• Functional Linkage of Watersheds and Streams
  (FLoWS)
• aquatic and terrestrial landscapes are
  hydrologically-linked
• Functional Connectivity Tools (FunnConn)
• landscape connectivity is examined from a
  functional perspective
• Spatially balanced sampling
• provides environmental managers a practical,
  useful GIS tool to generate simple, efficient,
  and robust survey designs for natural resource
  applications

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• R is a free software environment for statistical
  computing and graphics

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Species Probability Distributions

• Biomapper
• Performs Ecological Niche Factor Analysis and
  outputs a habitat suitability model
• GARP
• Predict and analysis species distributions
• openModeller
• creates a fundamental niche model and projects
  the model into an environmental scenario

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Analysis Examples
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Biological Reach

• Biological reach vs. Project Footprint
• How far away will impacts from the project effect
  the species of interest both directly and
  indirectly?

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Data Collection

• DNR Databases
• USFWS Recent Records
• Field Data Collection
• Small Scale Land Cover
• Large Scale Land Cover
• Photo Interpretation
• Habitat Line Transects

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1990 30m LULC
2003 5m Tree cover
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Travel Distance Analysis
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Patch Analysis
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Core Area Analysis
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Proximity Analysis
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Using GIS to Facilitate Communication
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Discuss Analysis Early and Often

• Frequent, informal communication
• GIS creates images for discussion
• GIS quickly runs different tolerances to
  determine methods

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Sharing Data

• Email
• ArcExplorer
• METADATA no data leaves home without it.

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Confidentiality Issues

• Digital data is easily shared
• Use restricted folders
• Place lots of notices in metadata
• Use confidential in the filename
• Work with regulatory agencies on the best ways to
  protect confidential hardcopy documents.

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File Management

• Detailed file management is a MUST
• Archive old versions of maps and data
• Fully describe methods in metadata or other
  documents.

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Contact Information

• Cinda Bonds
• Wildlife Biologist
• Bernardin, Lochmueller Associates
• cbonds_at_blainc.com
• Evansville, Indiana
• 812-479-6200
• Indianapolis, Indiana
• 317-222-3880

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Data References

• INDIANA ATLAS
• http//129.79.145.7/arcims/statewide_mxd/index.htm
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• INDIANA SPATIAL DATA PORTAL
• http//www.indiana.edu/gisdata/index.html
• INDIANA COUNTIES / CITIES
• http//www.in.gov/igic/maps/index.html
• INDIANA VIEW
• http//www.indianaview.org/objectives.cfm
• FOREST SERVICE GEODATA CLEARINGHOUSE
• http//svinetfc4.fs.fed.us/clearinghouse/index.htm
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• FOREST INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS DATA
• http//www.fia.fs.fed.us/

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Data References

• USDA SPATIAL DATA GATEWAY
• http//datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/NextPage.aspx
• FWS GEOSPATIAL DATA INVENTORY
• http//www.fws.gov/data/datafws.html
• GEODATA.GOV
• http//www.fws.gov/data/datafws.html
• INDIANA AGRICULTURE STATISTICS
• http//www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/India
  na/index.asp
• INDIANA DEMOGRAPHIC STATISTICS
• http//www.stats.indiana.edu/ http//www.zipskinn
  y.com/
• NATIONAL HYDROGRAPHY DATASET
• http//nhd.usgs.gov/index.html

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Software References

• CLEARINGHOUSE FOR ECOLOGY SOFTWARE IL NATL
  HISTORY SURVEY
• http//nhsbig.inhs.uiuc.edu/
• JENNESS ENTERPRISES
• http//www.jennessent.com/arcview/arcview_extensio
  ns.htm
• OPEN MODELLER
• http//openmodeller.sourceforge.net/
• DESKTOP GARP
• http//www.nhm.ku.edu/desktopgarp/
• BIOMAPPER
• http//www2.unil.ch/biomapper/
• DUKE GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS PROGRAM
• http//www.nicholas.duke.edu/geospatial/software/

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Software References

• STARMAP
• http//www.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/starmap/
• R PROJECT STATISTICS
• http//www.r-project.org/index.html
• PATCH ANALYST
• http//glash.lakeheadu.ca/rrempel/patch/
• FRAGSTATS
• http//www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/fr
  agstats.html
• ANIMAL MOVEMENT / SPATIAL TOOLS / POPULATION
  VIABILITY ANALYSIS
• http//www.absc.usgs.gov/glba/gistools/index.htm
• CORRIDOR DESIGNER
• http//www.corridordesign.org/
• LANDSCAPE HSIMODELS