Transformative Learning and Moral Injury: Developmental Strategies in Higher Education for Healing, Transition, and Growth - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 40
About This Presentation
Title:

Transformative Learning and Moral Injury: Developmental Strategies in Higher Education for Healing, Transition, and Growth

Description:

... Twilight of the Idols ENABLING FACTORS: Social Support Deliberative Cognitive ... Integrates elements of ... A Communication Perspective (1st ed ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:176
Avg rating:3.0/5.0

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Transformative Learning and Moral Injury: Developmental Strategies in Higher Education for Healing, Transition, and Growth


1
Transformative Learning and Moral Injury
Developmental Strategies in Higher Education for
Healing, Transition, and Growth
References for the key concepts are included in
the notes section.
Barton D. Buechner, PhD Professor, Military
Psychology MA Program
2
  • Key Points
  • (1) Veterans are oriented by culture and training
    to value and embody Warrior Strengths
  • (2) The APA definition of PTSD has changed
    public perception and therapies have not
  • (3) Moral Injury is experienced as a different
    phenomenon than PTSD but appears similar
  • (4) Transformational Learning Theory is a
    specific form of adult education that helps make
    meaning
  • (5) This is facilitated by a mentoring community
    as a process of personal development or
    Posttraumatic Growth

3
Communication and Education in Veterans
Transitions
Better than any other kind of experience,
schooling can restore the veteran to the
communicative system of society - (Waller,
1944)
Source Presentation by G. Vaillant, at Fielding
Summer Session, July 2013
4
Developmental Mentoring
READJUSTMENT Better than any other kind of
experience, schooling can restore the veteran to
the communicative system of society (Waller,
1944)
HEALTH AND GROWTH From the Harvard Grant
Longitudinal study Education was the single
best predictor of overall future health
(Vaillant, 2012)
Source G. Vaillant (2014)
5
A Cultural Disconnect
6
Philosophical underpinnings The educational
line of thought is Transformational Learning
the psychological line of thought is Constructive
Developmentalism which attends to the natural
evolution of the forms of our meaning-constructing
. And the Communication line of thought is
Cosmopolitan Communication
- Robert Kegan
7
  • Androgogy vs. Pedagogy
  • (Malcolm Knowles)
  • Mentor-led
  • Cohort-driven
  • Collegial and individual
  • Diversity and Social Justice
  • PROGRAMS Clinical Psychology, Human and
    Organizational Development, Media Psychology,
    Educational Leadership

8
Invisible wounds of war.
9
PTSD, Moral Injury, or Both? Sou
rce David Wood http//projects.huffingtonpost.co
m/moral-injury
BOTH Anger Depression Anxiety Insomnia
Nightmares Self-medication with alcohol or
drugs
PTSD Startle reflex Memory loss Fear
Flashbacks
Moral Injury Sorrow Grief Regret Shame
Alienation
10
WHAT is the phenomenon?
  • The Lifeworld (Schutz)
  • The lived experience of human beings and
    other living creatures as formed into more or
    less coherent grounds for their existence. This
    consists of the whole system of interactions with
    others and objects in an environment that is
    fused with meaning and language (for human
    actors) and that sustains the life of all
    creatures from birth through death. It is the
    fundamental ground of all experience for human
    beings.
  • - Bentz and Shapiro (1998)

11
Transformative Learning Concepts
  • Disorienting Dilemmas
  • Reframing of Narratives
  • Interpersonal relations (with Mentors)
  • Individual and social implications and meanings
  • Communicative learning
  • Values of freedom, equality, tolerance, social
    justice, civic responsibility, and education

- Jack Mezirow
12
  • Posttraumatic GROWTH
  • What Does not Destroy me Makes Me Stronger
  • - F. Nietsche (1888) Twilight of the Idols
  • ENABLING FACTORS
  • Social Support
  • Deliberative Cognitive Processing (Mental
    Discipline)
  • Positive meaning-making (vision and hope for
    future)
  • OPPOSITE
  • Social Isolation
  • Perceived Burdonsomeness
  • Loss of power, Identity and self efficacy
  • SOURCES Kanako Taku, Oakland University Jeffrey
    Bird, SVSU

13
Similar to outcomes of Transformative Learning
  • Posttraumatic Growth
  • Relating to Others
  • New Possibilities
  • Personal Strength
  • Spiritual Change
  • Appreciation of Life
  • Tedeschi and Calhoun
    (1995)

14
An Interpersonal Theory of Suicide
Source Jeffrey Bird, GVSU
15
Moral Injury
The Marine Corps is like a machine. People are
like spark plugs, and the plug has one purpose.
Nobody cares about it anymore when you take it
out of the machine. People who were my friends
now do not care, because I am not able to be a
part of that. Marines are all about being the
first to fight, but now I cant. Its like
after all of this, I am once more not one of the
cool kids People ask how you are, and how you
are is that you are dying.not physically, but
mentally. - Rocky
16
Identity formation and re-individuation
When youve met one veteran, Youve met one
veteran - Mike Carrell, Ohio State University
17
HOW is a Worldview Constructed?
  • Consider communication as a primary social
    force
  • How we make and remake our social worlds
  • Looking at communication, and what gets made?
  • - relationships, selves, groups, cultures,
    etc.
  • When communicating, we engage simultaneously in
  • COORDINATION (of joint actions)
  • COHERENCE (sense-making, intentions,
    interpretations)
  • MYSTERY as an important reminder (that we could
    have DONE otherwise TOLD ourselves different
    stories)
  • COSMOPOLITAN COMMUNICATION offers a way to
    communication between cultures while respecting
    difference

18
MORAL INJURY is not the same as Moral Judgment
  • Moral Code
  • A Theory by which a group understands its
    experience and makes judgments about proper and
    improper actions
  • A set of concepts and system of rules
  • A tradition of truth and propriety
  • The basis of common sense
  • (Pearce and Littlejohn, 1997)
  • Re-examine all you have been told...
  • Dismiss what insults your Soul
  • - Walt Whitman

19
The Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) Theory
How can we structure our Institutions so they
support the evolution of consciousness? - W.
Barnett Pearce (2007)
20
Transformation and Social Construction
  • Understanding that we live in multiple social
    worlds
  • Can draw resources from several social worlds in
    constructing new ones
  • Able to make conscious choices about what forms
    of life we wish to enact in given situations.

W. Barnett Pearce
21
  • ...Engage the Whole Human Critter
  • Brain, Mind,
  • Society, Culture, and
  • Dynamics of
  • Mental Health .
  • Jonathan Shay, MD, PhD (at ISTSS)
  • Achilles in Vietnam (1994)
  • Odysseus in America (2002)

Domains of Human Experience
22
Cosmopolitan Communication In Four Quadrants
All Quadrants, All Lines (AQAL) model from
Integral theory (Wilber, 2006) and Cosmopolitan
Communication model from CMM theory (Pearce,
1989)
Source Arthur Jensen, Ph.D. presentation at
SIETAR Berlin, Sept. 2012
23
Constructing a Culture
  • Coordinated System of the
  • Inspector General
  • Teach and Train
  • Inspect
  • Fact-finding
  • Assist (Social Justice)
  • Emergent Properties
  • Self-confidence
  • Loyalty to each other
  • Acountability
  • Leadership by example

Sharing the Moral Code
24
Contextual Mentoring
  • Coordinated effort, led by someone who gets
    veterans experience, and cares (empathic) at the
    personal level
  • Builds bridges between military social and future
    worlds.
  • Brokers loose-tie connections to others
  • Integrates elements of Family values (primary
    socialization), Peer support, Formation, Mental
    Health, and role models
  • Orchestrates existing lifeworld resources and
    aspects of advising, counseling, coaching,
    tutoring, social support - with intention
  • Individual attention to help veteran find their
    own path or quest

Re-builds moral codes through Mentor Communication
25
Towards Deliberately Developmental Communities
  • Organizations can develop everyone every day.
  • They can turn student and employee struggles into
    growth opportunities to create a new kind of
    competitive advantage.
  • A new way of working that can be transformational
    for organizations and all of their people.
  • Research and practice about understanding how
    such cultures work and making more of them
    possible.

Robert Kegan, Lisa Lahey, Andy Fleming, and
Claire Lee
  • Shift in focus from performance to growth and
    capacity-building
  • New ways to measure personal growth outcomes in
    Higher education?

26
Development and our Organizations
Super Integral - witness self, being-centric
view, (emergent) Integral - holistic, autonomous,
worldcentric, Cosmopolitan 4 of US pop,
evolved 50 years ago Pluralistic - sensitive
self, individualistic, idealistic, 10 of US pop,
100 years ago Rational - scientists, data-driven
decision-making, logic, reason, 25 of pop, 300
years ago Mythical - hierarchical religions,
conformist, good/bad, ethnocentric, 40 of US
pop, 5000 years ago Egocentric - 'me'/'I want it
now', evolved 10,000 years ago, 20 of US
pop. Magic - tribes, clans, gangs, superstitious,
safety/survival, 10 of US pop. Archaic - Basic
survival, lt1 of US population
Loevingers (Integral) Stages of Development
27
Warrior Quests
  • The Universal Mono-Myth
  • Hero Leaves home
  • Departs on a quest
  • Defeats a strong adversary
  • Returns by a perilous journey
  • Brings back a boon
  • or gift to humanity

28
Warrior Quests
  • The American Mono-Myth
  • A peaceful town is
  • threatened by great evil
  • The local authorities
  • are powerless to stop it
  • A mysterious hero comes
  • and saves the town
  • The hero cannot stay,
  • and leaves alone

29
System Mentoring
if you change one persons viewpoint, save one
life, its kind of worth it in the end. You
can't change the big things in life if you dont
tackle the little things thats how they got big
in the first place. - TJ
30
Culture Mentoring
I think of this as the hub. They go to class
and learn they get to have their own opinion
about things that they are allowed to say out
loud and then they come back here and recharge.
Then they go to another class where they learn to
speak in public, in front of other people and
then they come back here where its safe. (The
Student Veterans Lounge is) the midpoint between
collectivism and individualism. - Pat
31
Mind Mentoring
(CMM and ACT therapy are) very much based around
constructing meaning for oneself, figuring out
what your values are, and then constructing a
life that very much adheres and moves forward
with those values Im more comfortable with the
spirituality that resonates with me, and it is
starting to integrate my experience. That is
particularly interesting to me, combined with the
spiritual focus I have had which is a
self-directed, personal gnosis - AJ
32
Brain Mentoring
I have never had a bad experience with a
psychiatrist or anything, but it seems like they
just ask one question after another after
another, and then saying things like, well, it
sounds like you keep mentioning this, or it
sounds like this is whats really bothering you.
But it seems like they are too passive. Being
passive limits your effectiveness, especially
when you are having a conversation with someone,
especially about something they are struggling
with. - TJ
33
How do you fix a worldview?
PTSD isnt a disease, its a worldview. War,
disaster response, police work, these things
force a person to live in the spaces where trauma
happens, to spend most of their time there, until
that world becomes yours, seeps through your skin
and runs in your blood. Diseases are discrete
things. But how do you treat a change in
perspective? - AJ (Blog post)
34
Transformative Learning and Moral Injury
Developmental Strategies in Higher Education for
Healing, Transition, and Growth
Barton D. Buechner, PhD Professor, Military
Psychology MA Program
35
CMM Storytelling Model
  • As humans, we all have stories and tell stories
  • Our relationships and social worlds are built in
    communication
  • This Model helps parse out the different levels
    and types of stories that co-exist

stories told
untold stories
unknown stories
storytelling
unheard stories
untellable stories
stories lived
Maps out what you know, and still need to know
36
CMM Daisy Model
  • Used to analyze groupings of mentors over
    different lifeworld contexts and their level of
    influence at various times.

37
CMM Serpentine Model
  • Helps to reveal how reality is costructed or
    meaning is made in episodes of communication
  • Constituted in at least three turns, or
    conversational triplets

38
CMM Strange Loops
  • Catch 22 situations are common experiences for
    veterans. The Strange Loop model helps reveal
    the contextual factors underlying them

39
CMM Hierarchy Model
  • Helps to reveal the logical forces that lead us
    to act into situations in our lifeworlds in
    different ways, depending upon frame of reference
    or context

40
Psychoeducation and Therapy (OTMM) Behavior
Individual
Formation and Development (OTOM) Developmental
Somatics
PTSD
Mystery
Phenomenological Lived Experience
Cognition and Neuroscience
Plasticity
MIND
BRAIN
Observable Behavior
Affect and Emotion
Interior
Exterior
Coordination
Coherence
Adult Learning
Social Justice
SYSTEM
CULTURE
Social World Resources
Engagement and quests
MORAL INJURY
Bridging
Family Influence
Veterans Service Office Organizational Support
(MTOM) - Advocacy
Student Veteran Organizations (MTMM) - Peer
Mentoring
Collective
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com