Chemical Building Blocks

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Chemical Building Blocks
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What is Chemistry?

• Definition Is the study of the properties of
  matter and how matter changes.
• Examples Food cooking , grass growing, turning
  on lights in your room, lighting a match to name
  just a few

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Building Blocks of Matter

• Elements - is a substance that cannot be broken
  down into any other substances by
  chemical
  or physical means.
• Compounds- is a substance made of two or more
  elements chemically combined.
• Mixtures- are made from two or more pure
  substances, that are in the same place but not
  combined as a new material.
• Solutions- Is a well mixed mixture.
• Pure Substance- Is made of only one kind of
  matter and has definite properties.

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Changes in Matter

• Matter exists in three different forms, Solid,
  Liquid, and Gas.
  

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Types of Solids

• Crystalline Solids- Particles form a regular
  repeating pattern.
• Example diamond
• Amorphous Solid- Particles are not arranged in a
  regular pattern.
• Examples rubber, plastics, and glass.
  

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Shape and Volume of the Three Types of Matter

• Solids ( Particles are packed tightly together).
• Solids The form of matter that has a definite
  shape and volume.
• Liquids ( Particles are free to move. A liquid
  takes on the shape of its container.)
• Liquids The form of matter that has a definite
  volume but no definite shape.
• Gas (Particles spread apart, filling all the
  space available to them.
• Gas The form of matter that has no definite
  shape or volume.
  

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Phase Change

• Definition is when matter is changed from one
  state to another without undergoing a chemical
  change.
• Example When water is heated it changes from a
  solid (ice), to a liquid (water ),to a gas
  (vapor).
• Matter will change from one state to another if
  thermal energy is absorbed or released..
• Sublimation The change in state from a solid
  directly to a gas without passing through the
  liquid state.
  

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Phase Changes Continued (water)

• Freezing- the change in state from a liquid to a
  solid..
• Melting - the change in state from a solid to a
  liquid.
• Boiling point- the temperature at which a
  substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
• Condensation- the change in state from a gas to a
  liquid.
• Vaporization- the change in state from a liquid
  to a gas.
• Evaporation- the process that occurs only on the
  surface of a liquid.
  
  

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Physical Change

• A change that alters the form of the material but
  does not produce new substances.
• Examples ripping paper, breaking glass, denting
  the fender of a car.
• Note Water always undergoes a physical change.

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Chemical Change

• A change in matter that produces new substances.
• Observing Chemical reactions
• 1. A gas is produced ( bubbles in a liquid)
• 2. A change in color occurs
• 3. A change in energy also happens during the
  reaction, Usually temperature changes.
• 4. A solid may appear when two solutions are
  made. Note the solid that forms is
  called a precipitate.

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Next Steps

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