MR. LIPMAN

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MR. LIPMANS AP GOVERNMENT POWER POINT FOR
CHAPTER 4

• STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

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state and local governments derive their power
from state constitutionsissue of sovereign
immunity 11th amendment (Chisholm v. Georgia
1794) and the Judiciary Act of 1789
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The one-person, one-vote principle required
__________.

1. A constitutional amendment to become affective
2. each citizen to vote regardless of whether they
   wanted to or not
3. each person to cast only one ballot rather than
   the traditional two
4. each legislative district within a state to have
   the same number of eligible voters so that
   representation would be equitable
5. each person to be taxed every time they voted in
   a local or state, but not federal, election

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The one-person, one-vote principle required
__________.

1. A constitutional amendment to become affective
2. each citizen to vote regardless of whether they
   wanted to or not
3. each person to cast only one ballot rather than
   the traditional two
4. each legislative district within a state to have
   the same number of eligible voters so that
   representation would be equitable
5. each person to be taxed every time they voted in
   a local or state, but not federal, election

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• The principle of one man-one vote and Baker v.
  Carr (1962)
• Gerrymandering and the state legislature
• Line item veto power of governor over budget
• Rule of Inclusion (state courts enforcing fed
  laws in times of conflicting statutes)

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CRIMINAL POWERS OF GOVERNOR

• 1. Pardon
• 2. Commute
• 3. Parole
• 4. Extradite

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State Legislatures

• Most powerful state entity
• Have become professional (full
• time, salaried)
• Bicameral except
• for Nebraska
• Only fifteen states have term limits

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STATE LEGISLATURE ISSUES

• 1. Term limits
• 2. Direct Initiative (people do it all)
• 3. InDirect Initiative ( leg. lets people vote)
• 4. Recall petitions
• 5. Referendums
• 6. Judicial selections (merit, appointment,
  vote)

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What does the inclusionary principal suggest?

1. All citizens should be included in the decision
   making process at the state and local level.
2. All legislators should be included in every
   legislative session regardless of legal status.
3. Judges require all witnesses related to a case to
   testify in front of a grand jury.
4. When state laws conflict with federal laws,
   states are obliged to enforce the federal law.

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What does the inclusionary principal suggest?

1. All citizens should be included in the decision
   making process at the state and local level.
2. All legislators should be included in every
   legislative session regardless of legal status.
3. Judges require all witnesses related to a case to
   testify in front of a grand jury.
4. When state laws conflict with federal laws,
   states are obliged to enforce the federal law.

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Local Governments and Municipalities

• 1. Dillons Rule (municipality derives power
  from state legislatures exclusively)
• 2. Non-Partisan elections (no party on ballot)
• 3. Political Machines
• 4. Municipal Charters
• 5. Counties

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What is one reason why Republicans made large
gains in state elections from 1994 to 2000?

1. The marketing strategies became more
   sophisticated with the help of professional
   marketing companies.
2. The liberal ideologies that Democrats had been
   espousing since the 1960s became dated and out of
   touch with the average hard working/real
   American.
3. Republicans found charismatic leadership in their
   new House Majority leader Newt Gingrich.
4. Southern voters who had been voting for
   conservative Democrats began voting for
   conservative Republicans.

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What is one reason why Republicans made large
gains in state elections from 1994 to 2000?

1. The marketing strategies became more
   sophisticated with the help of professional
   marketing companies.
2. The liberal ideologies that Democrats had been
   espousing since the 1960s became dated and out of
   touch with the average hard working/real
   American.
3. Republicans found charismatic leadership in their
   new House Majority leader Newt Gingrich.
4. Southern voters who had been voting for
   conservative Democrats began voting for
   conservative Republicans.

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Indian Issues

• 1. Domestic Dependant Nations (rely on Fed
  government for tribal authority)
• 2. Reservation Lands (designated by treaty)
• 3. Trust Lands (owned outright by Indians who
  acquired it by purchase)
• Both state and property tax exempt in most
  cases

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State Monetary Issues

• 1. Must have balanced budgets every year
• 2. Rely primarily on income, property, and sale
  taxes for revenue
• 3. Growth of lotteries and gambling as revenue
  sources
• 4. Approx. ¼ of budget revenue from Fed.Govt
• 5. Progressive, Proportional, Regressive Taxes
• 6. Schools and the Finance Issue

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What are the sources of state and local
government revenue?
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Federal dollars have come in handy for states in
recent years due to stiffer requirements for what?

1. Enhanced security
2. Drunk driving laws
3. Parks and recreation services
4. Gun laws
5. Voter rights laws

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Federal dollars have come in handy for states in
recent years due to stiffer requirements for what?

1. Enhanced security
2. Drunk driving laws
3. Parks and recreation services
4. Gun laws
5. Voter rights laws