Lesson Three More Crime and Less Punishment --- III

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Lesson ThreeMore Crime and Less Punishment
--- III

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Content

• Quiz
• Text Analysis Part II

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I. Quiz Fill in the blanks with the proper
form of the given words.

• 1. The neighbors spoke with approval of Tims
  behaviour, but he just took it with a smile.
  (approve)
• 2. He doesnt want to get married because
• he is afraid of any commitment . (commit)
• 3. Exercise contributes to better health.
• (contribution)

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• 4. After the dismissal of the cook we had to
  make our meals ourselves. (dismiss)
• 5. The feasibility of the project is still under
• study. (feasible)
• 6. The committee gave priority to those eye-
• catching proposals. (prior)
• 7. The chief prosecutor told the court that
• Johnson was guilty of a horrible crime and
• asked for the maximum sentence.
• (prosecute)

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• II. Text Analysis Part II
• 15. it makes littleon criminals it isnt
  reasonable to criticize the police, judges or
  those who are in charge of exercising punishment
  for being too lenient / not being tough with
  criminals.
• make (little / no) sense (not) to be reasonable,
  wise or practical.?(?)??(?)??
• It doesnt make sense. Why should the power and
  the phone line go off all of sudden?
• Does it make sense to back out after all weve
  done?
• It makes no sense to build any more shopping
  malls in this city.

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• make sense to have a clear meaning ????????
• No matter how I try to read it, his letter didnt
  make any sense to me.
• I didnt know why he rejected the generous offer,
  but it all makes sense now.
• 16. There is not much else they can do Apart
  from what they have been doing, they can do very
  little.
• 17. The police cant find most criminals and
  costly to convict First, the police force is
  unable to find most criminals. Second, it is
  difficult to prosecute those they have found, try
  them and finally get a court to declare them
  guilty, and it costs a lot of money to do so, too.

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• cultural note According to the judicial system
  of the US, a criminal is tried by a jury who
  reaches a verdict of innocent or guilty. The
  accused is to be found guilty beyond reasonable
  doubt. This makes it difficult to convict a
  criminal, for his/her lawyers can always raise a
  reasonable doubt concerning the evidence, the
  testimony or the reliability/ trustworthiness of
  the witness. Also, collecting evidence and having
  a trial cost a lot of money. Sometimes a trial
  might last months, or even years as the
  nine-month trial of O.J. Simpson, famous American
  football player and actor, who was charged with
  murdering his former wife and her boy friend, but
  eventually declared innocent.

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• 18.The society demandsthe crime problem what
  society requires is to do everything possible
  against crime, but in reality, what can be done
  about the problem on the part of the police,
  courts or prisons is very little.
• 1) do everything against crime ?????????
• 19. The criminal justice systemyour children
  are With criminals amounting to 16 to 18 percent
  of the countrys population to deal with, the
  criminal justice system is as helpless as a
  parent who has to take care of hundreds of
  teenage children and make sure that they are all
  home at 10 oclock in the evening.

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• 20. Of every 100 serious crimes to the police
  Only 33 out of every 100 serious crimes that
  occur in the US are reported to the police.
• 21. Of the 33 reported, about six lead to arrest
  Of the 33 crimes that are reported, about 6 of
  the criminals involved are arrested.
• lead to to result in usu. sth. unpleasant, to
  have sth. as a result
• Overwork and lack of exercise can lead to heart
  problems.
• Their last quarrel finally led to a divorce.

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• 22. Of the six arrested convicted Of the six
  criminals who are arrested only three are
  officially brought to court / charged and found /
  declared guilty
• 23. The others are rejected instead of
  punishment What happens to the other three
  arrested criminals who are not prosecuted and
  convicted? Either because there isnt sufficient
  evidence or no witnesses can be found, they are
  not prosecuted and convicted. In such cases, the
  court either refuses to consider their cases, or
  stops examining them before a verdict is reached.
  Or instead of being put into prison, these
  criminals may be sent elsewhere for medical
  treatment (when they can produce proof for
  illness of some kind).

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• 24. of the select fewof five years.
• the select few the few criminals who are
  carefully chosen
• select(adj.) carefully chosen and limited to a
  small number of highest quality (the word is used
  ironically here)
• received a maximum sentence of five years to be
  sentenced to five years in prison or less
• 25. The average inmateabout two years however,
  the prisoner of ordinary kind stays in prison for
  about two years.

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• 26. Most prisonersin the community Most
  prisoners are released before they have served
  their sentence, not because the parole boards are
  kind in granting parole, but because it costs
  much more to keep a criminal in prison than to
  have them live under the supervision of the
  community.
• be easy (on) (informal) to be less severe to
  act or proceed with caution.
• The school authorities are too easy on cheating.
• The management should be easy on layoffs.
• go/ be easy on sb used to tell sb. not to punish
  or treat a person too severely. ?????
• Go easy on these little children and let them
  enjoy themselves more.

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• CF go easy on sth to use only a small amount of
  sth.
• Go easy on the salt.
• 27. And, of coursefrom the courts Another
  reason why most prisoners gain paroles easily is
  that new arrivals keep coming in every day, so
  that old inmates have to make room for the new.
• make room for to leave empty space for sb./ sth.
• Please move along and make room for the old lady.
• Lets take these dishes away to make room for the
  roast duck.
• CF leave room for

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• 28. Yet when measured againstand local
  government If criminals were kept longer in
  prison, crime rates would probably go down. But
  when we consider the money that state and local
  governments have to pay for this, longer prison
  sentences are not worthwhile.
• when measured against when longer prison
  sentences are measured against
• measure sth/ sb against sb/ sth to judge sb or
  sth by comparing them with another person or
  thing.
• He constantly measures his work against that of
  the best CEOs in the country.
• Our production costs are high, when (they are)
  measured against the worlds advanced level.
• The countrys economic growth last year is
  impressive when measured against those of other
  Asian countries.

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• 29. Besides, those statesprison construction
  Some states want to raise money to build new
  prisons by issuing government bonds. They have
  tried but failed to get voters approval. This
  shows that the public is unwilling to pay for
  building more prisons. This is another reason why
  longer prison sentences are not feasible /
  workable.
• 30. While it is not possiblefor major crime
  convictions Although we cant possibly know
  exactly how many crimes are committed by released
  prisoners in a specific year, we do know how many
  of those people under parole are convicted again
  for serious crimes and put into jail again.
• toextent how far sth. is true or how great an
  effect it has

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• 31. Even if released prisoners each year Even
  if each released prisoner commits two crimes,
  this would add up to a total of only 15,000
  crimes. This means that only that number of
  crimes would be prevented if those prisoners were
  locked up in prison for an additional year. But
  each year 41 million crimes occur. Compared with
  41 million, 15,000 is a very small number.
• a drop in the bucket (AmE)/ the ocean (BrE) an
  amount of sth. that is too small or unimportant
  to make any real difference.????,????
• What we have raised is just a drop in the bucket.
  The project will need far more.

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• 32. This works out to prevented it costs more
  than 100,000 to prevent one crime.
• work out to to make a total amount of sth. add
  up to.
• The total cost of the project worked out to 10
  million.
• CF amount to, work out
• 33. But there is more But thats not all weve
  got to pay for each crime prevented
• 34. The first yearas a national policy 150,000
  would be worth it if there were only one persons
  life, such as yours or mine, to save, but such a
  policy would be much too expensive to carry out
  nationwide.
• operating cost money you have to pay to put long
  prison sentences into practice.

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• 35. Faced with the crime problem When I
  consider these figures, I wont conclude the
  essay with a solution to the crime problem.
• soas to do sth to such a degree
• I dont think he is so careless as to forget
  about this important appointment.
• They are not so poor as not to be able to afford
  a good education for their only son.
• CF so that

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• 36. My contribution to not the answer This
  essay, one of a series discussing crime and
  punishment, begins and ends with the same
  statement dealing with crime severely wont
  solve the problem.
• contribution an item that forms part of a book,
  magazine, broadcast, discussion, etc.
• His speech is an important contribution to the
  debate.
• All contributions to the conference are expected
  to arrive by the end of July. ?????(?????to)
• observation a remark or statement, esp. one that
  is of the nature of a comment. ????

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• This is the end of Part Three