THE 5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY

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THE 5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
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DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHY

• geography1 a science that deals with the
  description, distribution, and interaction of the
  diverse physical, biological, and cultural
  features of the earth's surfaceSource-Merriam
  Webster Collegiate Dictionary

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Where did it come from?

• The five themes were written in 1984 by the Joint
  Committee on Geographic Education of the National
  Council for Geographic Education (NCGE) and the
  Association of American Geographers (AAG). They
  are outlined in greater detail in the NCGE/AAG
  publication Guidelines for Geographic Education,
  Elementary and Secondary Schools.

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THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY

• Location
• Place
• Human-Environment Interaction
• Movement
• Regions

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LOCATIONWhere are we?

• Absolute Location
• A latitude and longitude (global location) or a
  street address (local location).
• Paris France is 48o North Latitude and 2o East
  Longitude.
• The White House is located at 1600 Pennsylvania
  Ave.

• Relative Location
• Described by landmarks, time, direction or
  distance. From one place to another.
• Go 1 mile west on main street and turn left for 1
  block.

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Latitude

• Latitude
• I'm climbing the Ladder of latitudes, latitudes,
  latitudes.
• I'm climbing the ladder of latitudes, all
  around the world.
• Latitude is measured from the equator, with
  positive values going north and negative values
  going south.

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Longitude

• Longitude
• It's a LONG, LONG way from pole to pole, pole to
  pole, pole to poleIt's a LONG, LONG way from
  pole to pole, so we call those LONGITUDES.
• Longitude is measured from the Prime Meridian
  (which is the longitude, with positive values
  going east and negative values going west.

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• Latitude and Longitude Grid
• Combining latitude and longitude results in a
  grid that covers the globe. Every point can be
  defined by a north/south degree and an east/west
  degree.
• For example, Seattle, Washington, USA is at
  latitude 47 North and longitude 122 West. From
  the center of the earth, look up 46 from the
  equator and turn right (west) 122 from the Prime
  Meridian and you will be looking right at
  Seattle.

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PLACE

• What is it like there, what kind of place is it?

• Human Characteristics
• What are the main languages, customs, and
  beliefs?
• How many people live, work, and visit a place?

• Physical Characteristics
• Landforms (mountains, rivers, etc.), climate,
  vegetation, wildlife, soil, etc.

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PLACE

• What kind of place is it?  What do you think of
  when you imagine China?  Egypt? Mexico?
• Places have both human and physical
  characteristics, as well as images.
• Physical characteristics include mountains,
  rivers, soil, beaches, wildlife, soil.  
• Places have human characteristics also.  These
  characteristics are derived from the ideas and
  actions of people that result in changes to the
  environment, such as buildings, roads, clothing,
  and food habits.

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PLACE

• Place is a theme of geography that conjures up a
  mental picture of a place with people going about
  their everyday lives in the familiar environment.
  Place is the personality of geography.
• How is your hometown connected to other places? 
• What are the human and physical characteristics
  of Gilbert? 
• How do these shape our lives?

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HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

• How do humans and the environment affect each
  other?
• We depend on it.
• People depend on the Colorado River for water.
• We modify it.
• People modify our environment by
• heating and cooling buildings for comfort.
• We adapt to it.
• We adapt to the environment by wearing clothing
  suitable for summer (shorts) and winter (coats),
  rain and shine.

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HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

• All places on Earth have advantages and
  disadvantages for human settlement.  One person's
  advantage may be another person's disadvantage. 
• Some like the excitement of large cities whereas
  others prefer remoteness.   Environment is not
  just trees, spotted owls, and rain forests. 
  Environment is a feeling. 
• What is the environment of a big city?  Boston? 
  Los Angeles?  Dallas?

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HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

• Given the choice, where would you live?  Why? 
  What is the environment?  How do people interact
  with the environment?  How do the physical
  features affect us?
• How have we adapted to or changed our
  landscape? The construction of Hoover Dam on the
  Colorado River, for example, changed the natural
  landscape, but it also created a reservoir that
  helps provide water and electric power for the
  arid Southwest.

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Higley, AZ - Then
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Higley, AZ - Now
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MOVEMENT

• How are people, goods, ideas moved from place to
  place?
• Human Movement
• Trucks, Trains, Planes
• Information Movement
• Cell Phones, computer (email), mail
• Idea Movement
• How do fads move from place to place?
• TV, Radio, Magazines

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MOVEMENT

• The movement of people, the import and export of
  goods, and mass communication have all played
  major roles in shaping our world.  People
  everywhere interact.  They travel from place to
  place and they communicate.  We live in a global
  village and global economy.
• People interact with each other through
  movement.  Humans occupy places unevenly on Earth
  because of the environment but also because we
  are social beings.  We interact with each other
  through travel, trade, information flows (E-Mail)
  and political events.
• Not only do humans move but also ideas move
  fashions move fads move.  What is an example of
  an idea that moves?  Fashion?  Fad?  How do we
  depend on people in other places?   How would our
  lives change if our movement options changed? 
  What would happen if we traveled by camel or
  horse?  How do we move from place to place?  How
  do we actually get food?

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REGIONS

• A region is the basic unit of study in
  geography.  A region is an area that is similar
  in terms of the government, language, or possibly
  the landform or situation. 
• Regions are human constructs that can be mapped
  and analyzed.
• There are 3 basic types of regions Formal
  regions, Functional regions, Vernacular regions.

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REGIONS

• How are Regions similar to and different from
  other places?
• Formal Regions
• Regions defined by governmental or administrative
  boundaries (States, Countries, Cities)
• Regions defined by similar characteristics
  (Southwest region, Rocky Mountain region,
  Chinatown).
• Functional Regions
• Regions defined by a function (newspaper service
  area, cell phone coverage area).
• Vernacular Regions
• Regions defined by peoples perception (middle
  east, the southwest, etc.)

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REGIONS

• What region do we live in?  What type of region
  is it?  What are its characteristics?    
• What states do you define as the South?  The
  Northeast?  The Bible Belt?  What characteristics
  and perceptions go along with these regions?

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Remembering the 5 themes

• If you cant remembering what they are just ask
  MR. HELP!!!
• M Movement
• R Regions
• HE Human Environment interaction
• L Location
• P - Place

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Review
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Why is it Important?

• The 5 Themes of Geography are used in Social
  Studies and History lessons throughout the school
  year.
• You need to be familiar with each theme of
  geography, provide examples of each, and
  understand its importance.
• Geographers use the 5 Themes of Geography to
  study and learn about the world.

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Take a Quiz
http//www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?titl
efive-themes-geography_2
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5 Themes of Geography Poster Project

• Pass out project description and review
  expectations with students.